Abstract
BACKGROUND: The INNER NO OUTER (INO) gene, which encodes a YABBY-type transcription factor, specifies and promotes the growth of the outer integument of the ovule in Arabidopsis. INO expression is limited to the abaxial cell layer of the developing outer integument of the ovule and is regulated by multiple regions of the INO promoter, including POS9, a positive element that when present in quadruplicate can produce low-level expression in the normal INO pattern. RESULTS: Significant redundancy in activity between different regions of the INO promoter is demonstrated. For specific regulatory elements, multimerization or the addition of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S general enhancer was able to activate expression of reporter gene constructs that were otherwise incapable of expression on their own. A new promoter element, POS6, is defined and is shown to include sufficient positive regulatory information to reproduce the endogenous pattern of expression in ovules, but other promoter regions are necessary to fully suppress expression outside of ovules. The full-length INO promoter, but not any of the INO promoter deletions tested, is able to act as an enhancer-blocking insulator to prevent the ectopic activation of expression by the 35S enhancer. Sequence conservation between the promoter regions of Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa aligns closely with the functional definition of the POS6 and POS9 regions, and with a defined INO minimal promoter. The B. oleracea INO promoter is sufficient to promote a similar pattern and level of reporter gene expression in Arabidopsis to that observed for the Arabidopsis promoter. CONCLUSIONS: At least two independent regions of the INO promoter contain sufficient regulatory information to direct the specific pattern but not the level of INO gene expression. These regulatory regions act in a partially redundant manner to promote the expression in a specific pattern in the ovule and suppress expression outside of ovules. Establishment of this pattern requires cooperation and competition between multiple positive and negative regulatory elements.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Different INO promoter regions showed substantial functional redundancy.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Gene
- INOe0
- Outcome
- redundancy in activity between different regions of the INO promotere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant redundancy in activity between different regions of the INO promoter is demonstrated”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Multimerization activated expression of otherwise inactive reporter constructs.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- multimerizatione0
- Outcome
- expression of reporter gene constructse0
- Direction
- activatee0
- Comparator
- otherwise incapable of expression on their owne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“multimerization or the addition of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S general enhancer was able to activate expression of reporter gene constructs that were otherwise incapable of expression on their own”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding the 35S enhancer activated otherwise inactive reporter constructs.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- the addition of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S general enhancere0
- Outcome
- expression of reporter gene constructse0
- Direction
- activatee0
- Comparator
- otherwise incapable of expression on their owne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S general enhancer was able to activate expression of reporter gene constructs that were otherwise incapable of expression on their own”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
POS6 reproduced the endogenous ovule expression pattern.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- ovulese0
- Gene
- POS6e0
- Outcome
- reproduce the endogenous pattern of expression in ovulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“POS6, is defined and is shown to include sufficient positive regulatory information to reproduce the endogenous pattern of expression in ovules”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Other promoter regions were needed to suppress expression outside ovules.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- ovulese0
- Outcome
- suppress expression outside of ovulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“other promoter regions are necessary to fully suppress expression outside of ovules”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The full-length INO promoter blocked enhancer-driven ectopic expression, unlike tested deletions.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- The full-length INO promotere0
- Gene
- INOe0
- Outcome
- prevent the ectopic activation of expression by the 35S enhancere0
- Comparator
- INO promoter deletions testede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The full-length INO promoter, but not any of the INO promoter deletions tested, is able to act as an enhancer-blocking insulator to prevent the ectopic activation of expression by the 35S enhancer”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequence conservation across three Brassica and Arabidopsis promoters aligned with POS6, POS9 and the minimal INO promoter.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Gene
- INOe0
- Outcome
- Sequence conservatione0
- Qualifier
- Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sequence conservation between the promoter regions of Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa aligns closely with the functional definition of the POS6 and POS9 regions, and with a defined INO minimal promoter”
Claim · model-written summary
The B. oleracea INO promoter drove a similar reporter expression pattern and level in Arabidopsis as its native promoter.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- B. oleracea INO promotere0
- Gene
- INOe0
- Outcome
- pattern and level of reporter gene expressione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- Arabidopsis promotere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The B. oleracea INO promoter is sufficient to promote a similar pattern and level of reporter gene expression in Arabidopsis to that observed for the Arabidopsis promoter”
Claim · model-written summary
At least two independent INO promoter regions directed expression pattern without fully directing expression level.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- INOe0
- Outcome
- specific pattern but not the level of INO gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At least two independent regions of the INO promoter contain sufficient regulatory information to direct the specific pattern but not the level of INO gene expression”
t0“Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
nitric oxide · molecular: expression · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.