Abstract
Abstract In order to evaluate the effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower, a study was conducted under controlled conditions. Treatments were a combination of three levels of drought ((100, 60 and 30 percent of Field Capacity (FC)) and three levels of defoliation (control, removal of either 4 or 6 leaves from lower part of the plant) laid out, in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Drought stress was applied from 4-leaf- stage up to the end of plant growth period while leaf removal was conducted at the heading stage. Results indicated that drought stress affected most of the measured parameters. Plant height, plant dry matter, stem diameter, head size, seed number/head, 100-seed weight and seed weight/ head declined upon drought stress as compared to control. SPAD readings increased as drought stress increased. Defoliation caused an increase in SPAD and a decrease in seed number/head. Leaf number was not affected by either drought or defoliation. Keywords: Defoliation; Drought stress; Plant height; Seed weight; Sunflower
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress decreased plant height, plant dry matter and stem diameter of sunflower compared with control.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- Plant height, plant dry matter, stem diametere1
- Direction
- declinede1
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e1“Plant height, plant dry matter, stem diameter, head size, seed number/head, 100-seed weight and seed weight/ head declined upon drought stress as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress decreased head size and seed number per head of sunflower compared with control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- head size, seed number/heade1
- Direction
- declinede1
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e1“Plant height, plant dry matter, stem diameter, head size, seed number/head, 100-seed weight and seed weight/ head declined upon drought stress as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress decreased 100-seed weight and seed weight per head of sunflower compared with control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- 100-seed weight and seed weight/ heade1
- Direction
- declinede1
- Comparator
- controle1
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e1“Plant height, plant dry matter, stem diameter, head size, seed number/head, 100-seed weight and seed weight/ head declined upon drought stress as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress increased SPAD readings of sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- drought stresse2
- Outcome
- SPAD readingse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e2“SPAD readings increased as drought stress increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation increased SPAD readings of sunflower compared with control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Defoliatione3
- Outcome
- SPADe3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Comparator
- controle4
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e3“Defoliation caused an increase in SPAD and a decrease in seed number/head”
e4“defoliation (control, removal of either 4 or 6 leaves from lower part of the plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation decreased seed number per head of sunflower compared with control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Defoliatione3
- Outcome
- seed number/heade3
- Direction
- decreasee3
- Comparator
- controle4
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e3“Defoliation caused an increase in SPAD and a decrease in seed number/head”
e4“defoliation (control, removal of either 4 or 6 leaves from lower part of the plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress did not affect leaf number of sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- droughte5
- Outcome
- Leaf numbere5
- Direction
- not affectede5
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e5“Leaf number was not affected by either drought or defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation did not affect leaf number of sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- defoliatione5
- Outcome
- Leaf numbere5
- Direction
- not affectede5
- Setting
- controlled conditionst0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Effects of drought stress and defoliation on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in controlled conditions”
e5“Leaf number was not affected by either drought or defoliation”
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See all 75 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.