Abstract
Gamhong’ is a midseason, high fresh eating quality red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) that has high popularity in Korea. ‘Gamhong’ however is prone to bitter pit or russet. Over two growing seasons, different types of calcium (Ca) were applied in either soil or foliar spray to 5 year-old ‘Gamhong’/M.26 apples which had severe bitter pit in 2004. We sprayed calcium chloride (CaCl2), prohexadione-Ca (Pro-Ca) to soil or leaves, and covered fruits with Ca-coated paper bags in 2005. Drenching lime stone liquid or CaCl2 solution on soil were not effective in the reduction of bitter pit, while foliar spraying two times of 0.5% CaCl2 before paper bagging was effective in the reduction of bitter pit while increasing Ca content of peels. Great effect on reduction of bitter pit and on enhancement of Ca content in peels was attained by three different treatments: leaves spraying of 0.5% CaCl2 three times before bagging; Pro-Ca spraying five days after full blooming; and Ca-coated paper bagging 4-5 weeks after full blooming. However, the best result was shown by foliar spraying three times of 0.5% CaCl2 followed by Ca-coated paper bagging.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Soil drenching with limestone liquid or CaCl2 solution was not effective in reducing bitter pit in Gamhong apple.
- Taxon
- Malus domestica
Malus domesticae0 - Material
- Gamhongt0
- Treatment
- Drenching lime stone liquid or CaCl2 solution on soile1
- Outcome
- reduction of bitter pite1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)”
e1“Drenching lime stone liquid or CaCl2 solution on soil were not effective in the reduction of bitter pit”
t0“reduction of bitter pit in 'Gamhong' apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying twice with 0.5% CaCl2 before paper bagging was effective in reducing bitter pit in Gamhong apple.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Gamhongt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying two times of 0.5% CaCl2 before paper bagginge2
- Outcome
- reduction of bitter pite2
- Direction
- effectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)”
e2“foliar spraying two times of 0.5% CaCl2 before paper bagging was effective in the reduction of bitter pit while increasing Ca content of peels”
t0“reduction of bitter pit in 'Gamhong' apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying twice with 0.5% CaCl2 before paper bagging increased Ca content of Gamhong apple peels.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Gamhongt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying two times of 0.5% CaCl2 before paper bagginge2
- Outcome
- Ca content of peelse2
- Direction
- increasinge2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)”
e2“foliar spraying two times of 0.5% CaCl2 before paper bagging was effective in the reduction of bitter pit while increasing Ca content of peels”
t0“reduction of bitter pit in 'Gamhong' apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying three times with 0.5% CaCl2 before bagging had a great effect on reducing bitter pit and raising peel Ca content.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Gamhongt0
- Treatment
- leaves spraying of 0.5% CaCl2 three times before bagginge3
- Outcome
- reduction of bitter pit and on enhancement of Ca content in peelse3
- Direction
- Great effecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)”
e3“Great effect on reduction of bitter pit and on enhancement of Ca content in peels was attained by three different treatments: leaves spraying of 0.5% CaCl2 three times before bagging”
t0“reduction of bitter pit in 'Gamhong' apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Pro-Ca spraying five days after full bloom had a great effect on reducing bitter pit and raising peel Ca content in Gamhong apple.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Gamhongt0
- Treatment
- Pro-Ca spraying five days after full bloominge4
- Outcome
- reduction of bitter pit and on enhancement of Ca content in peelse3
- Direction
- Great effecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)”
e3“Great effect on reduction of bitter pit and on enhancement of Ca content in peels was attained by three different treatments: leaves spraying of 0.5% CaCl2 three times before bagging”
e4“Pro-Ca spraying five days after full blooming”
t0“reduction of bitter pit in 'Gamhong' apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca-coated paper bagging 4-5 weeks after full bloom had a great effect on reducing bitter pit and raising peel Ca content in Gamhong apple.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Gamhongt0
- Treatment
- Ca-coated paper bagging 4-5 weeks after full bloominge5
- Outcome
- reduction of bitter pit and on enhancement of Ca content in peelse3
- Direction
- Great effecte3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)”
e3“Great effect on reduction of bitter pit and on enhancement of Ca content in peels was attained by three different treatments: leaves spraying of 0.5% CaCl2 three times before bagging”
e5“Ca-coated paper bagging 4-5 weeks after full blooming”
t0“reduction of bitter pit in 'Gamhong' apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying three times with 0.5% CaCl2 followed by Ca-coated paper bagging gave the best result among the treatments.
- Taxon
- Malus domesticaMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Gamhongt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying three times of 0.5% CaCl2 followed by Ca-coated paper bagginge6
- Outcome
- best resulte6
- Direction
- beste6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“red apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)”
e6“However, the best result was shown by foliar spraying three times of 0.5% CaCl2 followed by Ca-coated paper bagging”
t0“reduction of bitter pit in 'Gamhong' apple”
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See all 116 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.