Abstract
With the varieties `Riesling` and `Zweigelt` in a two year trial the effects of defoliation at different stages of development on the occurrence of sunburn and botrytis and on cluster compactness, yield, cluster weight, berry weight, must weight, acidity, pH-value and the concentrations of phenols and nitrogen in the must were determined. In the year 2012 with the variety `Riesling` damages caused by sunburn increased because of defoliation and were significantly highest in the treatment `early removal of 6 leaves and of 2° shoots at pre bloom at the development stage BBCH 57`. In the year 2013, because of the climatic conditions, damages caused by sunburn were significantly lower and occurred only on individual berries, just as with the variety `Zweigelt`. With the grape variety `Riesling` occurrence of Botrytis was significantly highest in the control treatment, were no leaves and shoots had been removed. The removal of six leaves and the 2° shoots at pre bloom (BBCH 57) had a significantly reducing effect on the incidence and severity of Botrytis. With the variety `Zweigelt` Botrytis infestation was very low and occurred only on individual berries. A reduction of cluster compactness caused by the defoliation before flowering could not be determined with the variety `Riesling`. Cluster compactness was classified `medium` to `dense`. With the variety `Zweigelt` cluster compactness was significantly reduced from `dense` to `medium` by the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom`. With both varieties yield and cluster weight were significantly lowest in the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom`. Year-dependent reduction of yield was 16 % respectively 21 % with the variety `Riesling` and 28 % respectively 35 % with the variety `Zweigelt`. Cluster weight decreased year-dependent by 20 % respectively 15 % with `Riesling` and by 24 % respectively 29 % with `Zweigelt`. In both years but only with the grape variety `Riesling` must weight significantly decreased in the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at veraison` namely from 0.8 to 1°KMW respectively from 0.4 to 0.7°KMW. However the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom` did not influence must weight with both varieties. Only in 2012 and only with `Riesling` the content of phenols in the must of the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom` was significantly increased and had a value of 0.039 g/l. With both varieties the nitrogen levels in the must dispersed strong within the different treatments but without significant differences between the treatments. In the wine tasting no significant differences could be determined between the vines of the four treatments.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
In 2012 Riesling sunburn damage increased with defoliation and was significantly highest with early pre-bloom removal of six leaves and 2° shoots.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Rieslinge1
- Treatment
- early removal of 6 leaves and of 2° shoots at pre bloom at the development stage BBCH 57e1
- Outcome
- damages caused by sunburne1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Setting
- In the year 2012e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“In the year 2012 with the variety `Riesling` damages caused by sunburn increased because of defoliation and were significantly highest in the treatment `early removal of 6 leaves and of 2° shoots at pre bloom at the development stage BBCH 57`”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2013 sunburn damage was significantly lower and occurred only on individual berries, because of the climatic conditions.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“In the year 2013, because of the climatic conditions, damages caused by sunburn were significantly lower and occurred only on individual berries, just as with the variety `Zweigelt`”
Claim · model-written summary
With Zweigelt, sunburn damage occurred only on individual berries.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“In the year 2013, because of the climatic conditions, damages caused by sunburn were significantly lower and occurred only on individual berries, just as with the variety `Zweigelt`”
Claim · model-written summary
With Riesling, Botrytis occurrence was significantly highest in the control treatment without leaf and shoot removal.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With the grape variety `Riesling` occurrence of Botrytis was significantly highest in the control treatment, were no leaves and shoots had been removed”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing six leaves and the 2° shoots at pre bloom (BBCH 57) significantly reduced Botrytis incidence and severity in Riesling compared with the control treatment.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“The removal of six leaves and the 2° shoots at pre bloom (BBCH 57) had a significantly reducing effect on the incidence and severity of Botrytis”
e2“With the grape variety `Riesling` occurrence of Botrytis was significantly highest in the control treatment, were no leaves and shoots had been removed”
Claim · model-written summary
With Zweigelt, Botrytis infestation was very low and occurred only on individual berries.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With the variety `Zweigelt` Botrytis infestation was very low and occurred only on individual berries”
Claim · model-written summary
A reduction of cluster compactness from defoliation before flowering could not be determined in Riesling.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Rieslinge1
- Treatment
- defoliation before floweringe1
- Outcome
- cluster compactnesse1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“A reduction of cluster compactness caused by the defoliation before flowering could not be determined with the variety `Riesling`”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster compactness was classified as medium to dense.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“Cluster compactness was classified `medium` to `dense`”
Claim · model-written summary
With Zweigelt, removing six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom significantly reduced cluster compactness from dense to medium.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Zweigelte1
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloome1
- Outcome
- cluster compactnesse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- from `dense` to `medium`e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With the variety `Zweigelt` cluster compactness was significantly reduced from `dense` to `medium` by the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom`”
Claim · model-written summary
Riesling yield was significantly lowest with removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom, with a year-dependent reduction of 16 % and 21 %.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Rieslinge2
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloome1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- significantly loweste1
- Value
- 16 % respectively 21 %e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With both varieties yield and cluster weight were significantly lowest in the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom`”
e2“Year-dependent reduction of yield was 16 % respectively 21 % with the variety `Riesling` and 28 % respectively 35 % with the variety `Zweigelt`”
Claim · model-written summary
Zweigelt yield was significantly lowest with removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom, with a year-dependent reduction of 28 % and 35 %.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Zweigelte2
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloome1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- significantly loweste1
- Value
- 28 % respectively 35 %e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With both varieties yield and cluster weight were significantly lowest in the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom`”
e2“Year-dependent reduction of yield was 16 % respectively 21 % with the variety `Riesling` and 28 % respectively 35 % with the variety `Zweigelt`”
Claim · model-written summary
Riesling cluster weight decreased year-dependently by 20 % and 15 % with removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Rieslinge2
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloome1
- Outcome
- Cluster weighte2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 20 % respectively 15 %e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With both varieties yield and cluster weight were significantly lowest in the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom`”
e2“Cluster weight decreased year-dependent by 20 % respectively 15 % with `Riesling` and by 24 % respectively 29 % with `Zweigelt`”
Claim · model-written summary
Zweigelt cluster weight decreased year-dependently by 24 % and 29 % with removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Zweigelte2
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloome1
- Outcome
- Cluster weighte2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 24 % respectively 29 %e2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With both varieties yield and cluster weight were significantly lowest in the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom`”
e2“Cluster weight decreased year-dependent by 20 % respectively 15 % with `Riesling` and by 24 % respectively 29 % with `Zweigelt`”
Claim · model-written summary
In both years Riesling must weight significantly decreased with removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at veraison, from 0.8 to 1°KMW and from 0.4 to 0.7°KMW.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Rieslinge1
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at veraisone1
- Outcome
- must weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- from 0.8 to 1°KMW respectively from 0.4 to 0.7°KMWe1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“In both years but only with the grape variety `Riesling` must weight significantly decreased in the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at veraison` namely from 0.8 to 1°KMW respectively from 0.4 to 0.7°KMW”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom did not influence must weight in either variety.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloome1
- Outcome
- must weighte1
- Direction
- did not influencee1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“However the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom` did not influence must weight with both varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2012 only with Riesling, phenol content in the must increased with pre-bloom removal of six leaves and 2° shoots, reaching 0.039 g/l.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Material
- Rieslinge1
- Treatment
- removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloome1
- Outcome
- content of phenols in the muste1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.039 g/le1
- Setting
- in 2012e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“Only in 2012 and only with `Riesling` the content of phenols in the must of the treatment `removal of six leaves and 2° shoots at pre bloom` was significantly increased and had a value of 0.039 g/l”
Claim · model-written summary
Must nitrogen levels were widely dispersed within the treatments, without significant differences between treatments in either variety.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“With both varieties the nitrogen levels in the must dispersed strong within the different treatments but without significant differences between the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
In the wine tasting, no significant differences were found between the vines of the four treatments.
Verbatim
t0“organically grown `Riesling` grapes”
e1“In the wine tasting no significant differences could be determined between the vines of the four treatments”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.