Abstract
The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is one of the most important insect pests of soybeans in the North-central region of the US. It has been hypothesized that aphids avoid effective defenses by inhibition of jasmonate-regulated plant responses. Given the role fatty acids play in jasmonate-induced plant defenses, we analyzed the fatty acid profile of soybean leaves and seeds from aphid-infested plants. Aphid infestation reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in leaves with a concomitant increase in palmitic acid. In seeds, a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with an increase in stearic acid and oleic acid. Soybean plants challenged with the brown stem rot fungus or with soybean cyst nematodes did not present changes in fatty acid levels in leaves or seeds, indicating that the changes induced by aphids are not a general response to pests. One of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, linolenic acid, is the precursor of jasmonate; thus, these changes in fatty acid metabolism may be examples of "metabolic hijacking" by the aphid to avoid the induction of effective defenses. Based on the changes in fatty acid levels observed in seeds and leaves, we hypothesize that aphids potentially induce interference in the fatty acid desaturation pathway, likely reducing FAD2 and FAD6 activity that leads to a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Our data support the idea that aphids block jasmonate-dependent defenses by reduction of the hormone precursor.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid infestation reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids in soybean leaves.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Aphid infestatione0
- Interactor
- Aphis glycines Matsumura
.jpg?width=60)
Aphis glycinese1pest - Outcome
- levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Aphid infestation reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in leaves with a concomitant increase in palmitic acid”
t0“Soybean Aphid Infestation Induces Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Soybean”
e1“soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid infestation increased palmitic acid in soybean leaves.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Aphid infestatione0
- Interactor
- Aphis glycines MatsumuraAphis glycinese1pest
- Outcome
- palmitic acide0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aphid infestation reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in leaves with a concomitant increase in palmitic acid”
t0“Soybean Aphid Infestation Induces Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Soybean”
e1“soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid infestation was associated with reduced seed polyunsaturated fatty acids.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Interactor
- Aphis glycines MatsumuraAphis glycinese1pest
- Outcome
- polyunsaturated fatty acidse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In seeds, a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with an increase in stearic acid and oleic acid”
t0“Soybean Aphid Infestation Induces Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Soybean”
e1“soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced seed polyunsaturated fatty acids were associated with increased stearic acid.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Interactor
- Aphis glycines MatsumuraAphis glycinese1pest
- Compound
- polyunsaturated fatty acidse0
- Outcome
- stearic acide0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In seeds, a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with an increase in stearic acid and oleic acid”
t0“Soybean Aphid Infestation Induces Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Soybean”
e1“soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced seed polyunsaturated fatty acids were associated with increased oleic acid.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Interactor
- Aphis glycines MatsumuraAphis glycinese1pest
- Compound
- polyunsaturated fatty acidse0
- Outcome
- oleic acide0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In seeds, a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with an increase in stearic acid and oleic acid”
t0“Soybean Aphid Infestation Induces Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Soybean”
e1“soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura)”
Claim · model-written summary
Challenge with brown stem rot fungus did not alter soybean leaf or seed fatty acid levels.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- challenged with the brown stem rot funguse0
- Interactor
- brown stem rot funguse0pathogen
- Outcome
- fatty acid levels in leaves or seedse0
- Direction
- did not present changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants challenged with the brown stem rot fungus or with soybean cyst nematodes did not present changes in fatty acid levels in leaves or seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Challenge with soybean cyst nematodes did not alter soybean leaf or seed fatty acid levels.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- with soybean cyst nematodese0
- Interactor
- soybean cyst nematodes
Heterodera glycinese0pest - Outcome
- fatty acid levels in leaves or seedse0
- Direction
- did not present changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean plants challenged with the brown stem rot fungus or with soybean cyst nematodes did not present changes in fatty acid levels in leaves or seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose aphids interfere with fatty acid desaturation, likely reducing FAD2 and FAD6 activity.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Gene
- FAD2 and FAD6e0
- Outcome
- fatty acid desaturation pathwaye0
- Qualifier
- aphids potentially induce interferencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we hypothesize that aphids potentially induce interference in the fatty acid desaturation pathway, likely reducing FAD2 and FAD6 activity”
t0“Soybean Aphid Infestation Induces Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that reduced hormone precursor levels suppress jasmonate-dependent defenses.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Outcome
- jasmonate-dependent defensese0
- Qualifier
- reduction of the hormone precursore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our data support the idea that aphids block jasmonate-dependent defenses by reduction of the hormone precursor”
t0“Soybean Aphid Infestation Induces Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
infection · quality: oil · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →infection · Aphis glycines · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.