Abstract
Seed priming has been reported to enhance growth of plants. To evaluate the effect of some physical seed priming materials (ultrasonic, gamma, beta and laser irradiation, magnetic field and hydro-priming) on seed germination and growth of sunflower a laboratory experiment was conducted at Islamic Azad University of Tabriz branch, using completely randomized design, with three replicates. The results revealed that the highest germination rate (8.4) was due to seed treatment by magnetic field 10,15 min. (Table 2). Lowest germination rate belonged to beta irradiation treaments (3.13 day) and control (3.16 day). Comparion of means indicated that highest seedling dry weight belonged seed treatments by magnetic field for 5 min. (9.46 mg) and gamma irradiation 15 min. (9.16 mg) respectively. Lowest germination percentages (40%) were observed for exposure of seeds to ultrasonic irradiation, beta irradiation and hydro-priming respectively. Comparison of means indicated that priming of sunflower seed with laser irradiation for 10 min. increased seedling vigor index by 173% against control. It may be concluded that sunflower producers could improve seed germination percent by priming the seed with magnetic field and laser and gamma.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetic field treatment for 10 to 15 minutes yielded the highest sunflower germination rate of 8.4.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Material
- Hysont0
- Treatment
- magnetic field 10,15 min.e0
- Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.4e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Hyson)”
e0“the highest germination rate (8.4) was due to seed treatment by magnetic field 10,15 min.”
Claim · model-written summary
Beta irradiation gave the lowest germination rate, 3.13 day.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- beta irradiation treamentse0
- Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- Loweste0
- Value
- 3.13 daye0
- Qualifier
- 3.16 daye0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Hyson)”
e0“Lowest germination rate belonged to beta irradiation treaments (3.13 day) and control (3.16 day).”
Claim · model-written summary
Five minutes of magnetic field priming produced the highest seedling dry weight, 9.46 mg.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- magnetic field for 5 min.e0
- Outcome
- seedling dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.46 mge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Hyson)”
e0“highest seedling dry weight belonged seed treatments by magnetic field for 5 min. (9.46 mg) and gamma irradiation 15 min. (9.16 mg) respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifteen minutes of gamma irradiation produced seedling dry weight of 9.16 mg, among the highest treatments.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- gamma irradiation 15 min.e0
- Outcome
- seedling dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.16 mge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Hyson)”
e0“highest seedling dry weight belonged seed treatments by magnetic field for 5 min. (9.46 mg) and gamma irradiation 15 min. (9.16 mg) respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ultrasonic irradiation gave a germination percentage of 40%, among the lowest.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- ultrasonic irradiatione0
- Outcome
- germination percentagese0
- Direction
- Loweste0
- Value
- 40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Hyson)”
e0“Lowest germination percentages (40%) were observed for exposure of seeds to ultrasonic irradiation, beta irradiation and hydro-priming respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Beta irradiation gave a germination percentage of 40%, among the lowest.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- beta irradiatione0
- Outcome
- germination percentagese0
- Direction
- Loweste0
- Value
- 40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Hyson)”
e0“Lowest germination percentages (40%) were observed for exposure of seeds to ultrasonic irradiation, beta irradiation and hydro-priming respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydro-priming gave a germination percentage of 40%, among the lowest.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- hydro-priminge0
- Outcome
- germination percentagese0
- Direction
- Loweste0
- Value
- 40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Hyson)”
e0“Lowest germination percentages (40%) were observed for exposure of seeds to ultrasonic irradiation, beta irradiation and hydro-priming respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten minutes of laser irradiation raised the sunflower seedling vigor index by 173% relative to control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- laser irradiation for 10 min.e0
- Outcome
- seedling vigor indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 173%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming of sunflower seed with laser irradiation for 10 min. increased seedling vigor index by 173% against control.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend magnetic field, laser and gamma priming to improve sunflower germination percentage.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- magnetic field and laser and gammae0
- Outcome
- improve seed germination percente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sunflower producers could improve seed germination percent by priming the seed with magnetic field and laser and gamma.”
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