Abstract
The level of incident radiation and the proportion of radiation that is diffuse affects radiation use efficiency (RUE) in crops. However, the degree of this effect, and its importance to growth and yield of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) have not been established. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of radiation environment on RUE, growth, and yield of sunflower. A fully irrigated crop was sown on an alluvial‐prairie soil (Fluventic Haplustoll) and was exposed to three distinct radiation environments. In two treatments, the level of incident radiation was reduced by 14 and 20% by suspending two different types of polyethylene plastic films well above the crop. In addition to the reductions in incident radiation, the proportion of radiation that was diffuse was increased by about 14% in these treatments. Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiation had no effect on total biomass, phenology, leaf area, and the canopy light extinction coefficient ( k = 0.89). However, yield was reduced in shaded treatments due to smaller grain size and lower harvest index. Although crop RUE measured over the entire crop cycle (1.25 g/MJ) did not differ significantly among treatments, there was a trend where RUE compensated for less intercepted incident radiation. Theoretical derivations of the response of RUE to different levels of incident radiation supported this finding. Shaded sunflower crops have the ability to produce biomass similar to unshaded crops by increasing RUE, but have lower harvest indices.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced incident and increased diffuse radiation had no effect on total biomass.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiatione0
- Outcome
- total biomasse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiation had no effect on total biomass, phenology, leaf area, and the canopy light extinction coefficient ( k = 0.89).”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced incident and increased diffuse radiation had no effect on phenology.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiatione0
- Outcome
- phenologye0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiation had no effect on total biomass, phenology, leaf area, and the canopy light extinction coefficient ( k = 0.89).”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced incident and increased diffuse radiation had no effect on leaf area.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiatione0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiation had no effect on total biomass, phenology, leaf area, and the canopy light extinction coefficient ( k = 0.89).”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Canopy light extinction coefficient was unaffected and measured at 0.89.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiatione0
- Outcome
- canopy light extinction coefficiente0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Value
- 0.89e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower incident radiation and increased proportion of diffuse radiation had no effect on total biomass, phenology, leaf area, and the canopy light extinction coefficient ( k = 0.89).”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading reduced sunflower yield.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- shaded treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield was reduced in shaded treatments due to smaller grain size and lower harvest index.”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Shaded treatments produced smaller grain size.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- shaded treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain sizee0
- Direction
- smallere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield was reduced in shaded treatments due to smaller grain size and lower harvest index.”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Shaded treatments had lower harvest index.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- shaded treatmentse0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield was reduced in shaded treatments due to smaller grain size and lower harvest index.”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-cycle radiation use efficiency of 1.25 g/MJ did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- crop RUEe0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Value
- 1.25 g/MJe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop RUE measured over the entire crop cycle (1.25 g/MJ) did not differ significantly among treatments”
t0“sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Radiation use efficiency tended to compensate for less intercepted radiation.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- less intercepted incident radiatione0
- Outcome
- RUEe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was a trend where RUE compensated for less intercepted incident radiation.”
t0“sunflower”
The same questions in other papers
radiation · quality: phytochemicals · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
radiation · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
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15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →shade · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.