Paper · 2010 · AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES

Effect of Saline Irrigation Water and Humic Acid Application on Growth and Productivity of Two Cultivars of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)

Eslah M. El-Hefny

18
claims
41
verbatim quotes
51
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars, i.e. Kafr El- Shekh and Cream 7 with three saline irrigation water treatments, i.e., (3500, 4500 and 5500 ppm) and four levels of humic acid application (0, 2, 4 and 6 kg/ fed.) on growth, yield and its components, also chemical compositions of leaves and seeds of cowpea plants. Results revealed that: 1.Kafr El-Shekh cultivar surpassed than cream 7 cultivar in plant fresh weight, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake in addition to K/Na and Ca/Na ratio. Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues. 2. The lowest values of plant growth, total pods yield N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio. Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm). But this level significantly increased Na, Ca and Cl uptake by plant leaves, in addition to Cl and proline content in seeds tissues. 3. The effect of humic acid on the vegetative growth of cowpea plant i.e. plant height, number of branches, fresh weight, leaf area/ plant, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio. Also N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds showed significant increase with increasing the rate of humic acid application from 0, 3, 4.5 up to 6 kg/fed. 4. The interaction between cultivars and water salinity with humic acid application showed no statistical differences in both seasons.

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Claims 18

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kafr El-Shekh cowpea surpassed cream 7 in plant fresh weight and total pods yield.

Material
Kafr El-Shekhe1
Outcome
plant fresh weight, total pods yielde1
Direction
surpassede1
Comparator
cream 7e1
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e1

“Kafr El-Shekh cultivar surpassed than cream 7 cultivar in plant fresh weight, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake in addition to K/Na and Ca/Na ratio. Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–782 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kafr El-Shekh cowpea surpassed cream 7 in N, P and K uptake.

Material
Kafr El-Shekhe1
Outcome
N, P, K uptakee1
Direction
surpassede1
Comparator
cream 7e1
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e1

“Kafr El-Shekh cultivar surpassed than cream 7 cultivar in plant fresh weight, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake in addition to K/Na and Ca/Na ratio. Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–782 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kafr El-Shekh cowpea surpassed cream 7 in K/Na and Ca/Na ratio.

Material
Kafr El-Shekhe1
Outcome
K/Na and Ca/Na ratioe1
Direction
surpassede1
Comparator
cream 7e1
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e1

“Kafr El-Shekh cultivar surpassed than cream 7 cultivar in plant fresh weight, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake in addition to K/Na and Ca/Na ratio. Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–782 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kafr El-Shekh cowpea surpassed cream 7 in protein and carbohydrate content of seeds.

Material
Kafr El-Shekhe1
Outcome
protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissuese1
Direction
surpassede1
Comparator
cream 7e1
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e1

“Kafr El-Shekh cultivar surpassed than cream 7 cultivar in plant fresh weight, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake in addition to K/Na and Ca/Na ratio. Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–782 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kafr El-Shekh cowpea surpassed cream 7 in seed N, P and K content.

Material
Kafr El-Shekhe1
Organ / stage
cowpea seeds tissuese1
Outcome
N, P, Ke1
Direction
surpassede1
Comparator
cream 7e1
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e1

“Kafr El-Shekh cultivar surpassed than cream 7 cultivar in plant fresh weight, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake in addition to K/Na and Ca/Na ratio. Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–782 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest salinity level (5500 ppm) gave the lowest plant growth and total pods yield.

Treatment
highest salinity level (5500 ppm)e2
Outcome
plant growth, total pods yielde3
Direction
loweste3
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e2

“Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1003 · show in text ↑
e3

“The lowest values of plant growth, total pods yield N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 787–875 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest salinity level (5500 ppm) gave the lowest N, P and K uptake.

Treatment
highest salinity level (5500 ppm)e2
Outcome
N, P, K uptakee3
Direction
loweste3
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e2

“Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1003 · show in text ↑
e3

“The lowest values of plant growth, total pods yield N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 787–875 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest salinity level (5500 ppm) gave the lowest K/Na and Ca/Na ratio.

Treatment
highest salinity level (5500 ppm)e2
Outcome
K/Na, Ca/Na ratioe3
Direction
loweste3
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e2

“Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1003 · show in text ↑
e3

“The lowest values of plant growth, total pods yield N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 787–875 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest salinity level (5500 ppm) appeared to lower protein and carbohydrate content of cowpea seeds.

Treatment
highest salinity level (5500 ppm)e2
Outcome
protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissuese2
Direction
lowerinferrede2
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e2

“Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1003 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest salinity level (5500 ppm) appeared to lower N, P and K content of cowpea seeds.

Organ / stage
cowpea seeds tissuese2
Treatment
highest salinity level (5500 ppm)e2
Outcome
N, P, Ke2
Direction
lowerinferrede2
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e2

“Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1003 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest salinity level (5500 ppm) significantly increased Na, Ca and Cl uptake by cowpea leaves.

Organ / stage
plant leavese4
Treatment
highest salinity level (5500 ppm)e2
Outcome
Na, Ca and Cl uptakee4
Direction
increasede4
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e2

“Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1003 · show in text ↑
e4

“But this level significantly increased Na, Ca and Cl uptake by plant leaves, in addition to Cl and proline content in seeds tissues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1005–1136 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest salinity level (5500 ppm) significantly increased Cl and proline content in cowpea seeds.

Organ / stage
seeds tissuese4
Treatment
highest salinity level (5500 ppm)e2
Outcome
Cl and proline contente4
Direction
increasede4
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e2

“Also, N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds tissues were observed by the highest salinity level (5500 ppm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–1003 · show in text ↑
e4

“But this level significantly increased Na, Ca and Cl uptake by plant leaves, in addition to Cl and proline content in seeds tissues”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1005–1136 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Humic acid application affected vegetative growth traits of cowpea (plant height, number of branches, fresh weight); the direction is not stated.

Treatment
humic acide5
Outcome
plant height, number of branches, fresh weighte5
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e5

“The effect of humic acid on the vegetative growth of cowpea plant i.e. plant height, number of branches, fresh weight, leaf area/ plant, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1141–1332 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Humic acid application affected leaf area per plant and total pods yield of cowpea; the direction is not stated.

Treatment
humic acide5
Outcome
leaf area/ plant, total pods yielde5
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e5

“The effect of humic acid on the vegetative growth of cowpea plant i.e. plant height, number of branches, fresh weight, leaf area/ plant, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1141–1332 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Humic acid application affected N, P, K uptake and K/Na and Ca/Na ratio of cowpea; the direction is not stated.

Treatment
humic acide5
Outcome
N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratioe5
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e5

“The effect of humic acid on the vegetative growth of cowpea plant i.e. plant height, number of branches, fresh weight, leaf area/ plant, total pods yield, N, P, K uptake and K/Na, Ca/Na ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1141–1332 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing humic acid application from 0 to 6 kg/fed significantly increased protein and carbohydrate content of cowpea seeds.

Treatment
humic acid applicatione6
Outcome
protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seedse6
Direction
increasee6
Qualifier
increasing the rate of humic acid application from 0, 3, 4.5 up to 6 kg/fede6
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e6

“Also N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds showed significant increase with increasing the rate of humic acid application from 0, 3, 4.5 up to 6 kg/fed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1334–1505 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing humic acid application from 0 to 6 kg/fed significantly increased N, P and K content of cowpea seeds.

Organ / stage
cowpea seedse6
Treatment
humic acid applicatione6
Outcome
N, P, Ke6
Direction
increasee6
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e6

“Also N, P, K, protein and carbohydrate content in cowpea seeds showed significant increase with increasing the rate of humic acid application from 0, 3, 4.5 up to 6 kg/fed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1334–1505 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The interaction between cultivars and water salinity with humic acid application showed no statistical difference in either season.

Treatment
humic acid applicatione7
Outcome
interaction between cultivars and water salinitye7
Direction
no statistical differencese7
Setting
Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governoratee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Two field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of the Desert Research Center at Ras Sudr, South Sinai Governorate, during the two successive summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of the combinations between two cowpea cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–256 · show in text ↑
e7

“The interaction between cultivars and water salinity with humic acid application showed no statistical differences in both seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1510–1640 · show in text ↑

salinity · nutrient: content · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

15 papers: 1 positive, 14 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

11 papers more in this group

See all 15 papers →

salinity · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

23 papers: 2 positive, 21 negative or no effect

20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

19 papers more in this group

See all 23 papers →

other · quality: protein · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
See all 2 papers →

salinity · physiology: osmolytes · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 4 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

other · nutrient: content · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 10 positive, 1 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

salinity · quality: protein · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

6 papers: 0 positive, 6 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.