Abstract
This study was conducted in a field plot to determine the effects of rice straw and swine manure on the incidence and severity of Phytophthora fruit rot on eggplant and tomato fruits in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Treatments were based on the presence or absence of rice straw in combination with swine manure applied at 0 kg/m 2 , 0.5 kg/m 2 , and 1 kg/m 2 . Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans. Disease incidence and severity as well as marketable yields, were assessed at intervals. In both eggplant and tomato, lowest incidence and severity of Phytophthora fruit rot occurred in plots incorporated with rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 ). The overall reduction on the incidence of the disease compared to plots without rice straw and swine manure was approximately 85% in eggplant and 72% in tomato. Similarly, the overall reduction on the severity in eggplant and tomato was 80% and 67%, respectively. Highest marketable yield was obtained in plants grown in plots incorporated with rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 ). Other than the control, the incidence and severity were highest in eggplant and tomato plots where only rice straw was used as mulch.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw plus high swine manure gave the lowest fruit rot incidence in eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplant
Solanum melongenae0 - Treatment
- rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 )e0
- Interactor
- P. infestans
Phytophthora infestanse1pathogen - Outcome
- incidence and severity of Phytophthora fruit rote0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both eggplant and tomato, lowest incidence and severity of Phytophthora fruit rot occurred in plots incorporated with rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 ).”
e1“Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw plus high swine manure gave the lowest fruit rot incidence and severity in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 )e0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence and severity of Phytophthora fruit rote0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both eggplant and tomato, lowest incidence and severity of Phytophthora fruit rot occurred in plots incorporated with rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 ).”
e1“Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease incidence declined approximately 85% in eggplant against plots with neither amendment.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of the diseasee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 85%e0
- Comparator
- plots without rice straw and swine manuree0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The overall reduction on the incidence of the disease compared to plots without rice straw and swine manure was approximately 85% in eggplant and 72% in tomato.”
e1“Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease incidence declined approximately 72% in tomato against plots with neither amendment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of the diseasee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 72%e0
- Comparator
- plots without rice straw and swine manuree0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The overall reduction on the incidence of the disease compared to plots without rice straw and swine manure was approximately 85% in eggplant and 72% in tomato.”
e1“Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rot severity declined 80% in eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the overall reduction on the severity in eggplant and tomato was 80% and 67%, respectively.”
e1“Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rot severity declined 67% in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 67%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the overall reduction on the severity in eggplant and tomato was 80% and 67%, respectively.”
e1“Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw plus high swine manure produced the highest marketable yield in eggplant and tomato.
- Taxon
- eggplant and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 )e0
- Outcome
- marketable yielde0
- Direction
- Higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest marketable yield was obtained in plants grown in plots incorporated with rice straw (0.5 kg/m 2 ) + high swine manure (1 kg/m 2 ).”
t0“eggplant and tomato fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw mulch alone had the highest fruit rot incidence and severity among amended eggplant and tomato plots.
- Taxon
- eggplant and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- only rice straw was used as mulche0
- Interactor
- P. infestansPhytophthora infestanse1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence and severitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other than the control, the incidence and severity were highest in eggplant and tomato plots where only rice straw was used as mulch.”
e1“Plots were artificially infested with P. infestans.”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.