Abstract
Sugar beet is an important industrial crop and the second highest source of sugar providing after sugar cane. Around 30% of the total annual sugar production in the world is from sugar beets. In order to evaluate the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilization on sugar beets, two field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in two different locations of Iran including Experimental Research fields in Agriculture and Natural Resources center, Mashhad, and agricultural research farm of sugar factory in Torbat-Jam, 2011. Studied factors consisted three crop densities (60,000, 90,000, and 120,000 plants per hectare), three nitrogen fertilizer levels (0%, 50%, and 100% requirement to nitrogen) and Two levels of biological fertilizers (Application of Nitroxin and without application biological fertilizer). Nitroxin is biologic fertilizer with Azosprolium bacteria and Nitrobacteria. Generally this study showed increment plant density from 60000 to 120000 plants per hectare generally decreased the impurities sodium and potassium in root pulp in both Torbat-jam and Mashhad locations. Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained. By increasing nitrogen application up to 200 kg per hectare, the percentages of extractable sugar and pure sugar in root pulp were increased. As a conclusion, biological fertilizer application in sugar beet could increase qualitative characteristics of sugar beets root and reduced consumption of chemical nitrogen fertilizer in both locations.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant density decreased sodium impurity in root pulp at both locations.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Organ / stage
- root pulpe0
- Treatment
- increment plant density from 60000 to 120000 plants per hectaree0
- Outcome
- sodiume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- Torbat-jam and Mashhade0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“increment plant density from 60000 to 120000 plants per hectare generally decreased the impurities sodium and potassium in root pulp in both Torbat-jam and Mashhad locations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant density decreased potassium impurity in root pulp at both locations.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- root pulpe0
- Treatment
- increment plant density from 60000 to 120000 plants per hectaree0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- Torbat-jam and Mashhade0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“increment plant density from 60000 to 120000 plants per hectare generally decreased the impurities sodium and potassium in root pulp in both Torbat-jam and Mashhad locations.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizer, reduced nitrogen and density treatment gave minimum sodium.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectaree0
- Outcome
- sodiume0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizer, reduced nitrogen and density treatment gave minimum potassium.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectaree0
- Outcome
- potassiume0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizer, reduced nitrogen and density treatment gave minimum alpha-amino nitrogen.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectaree0
- Outcome
- alpha-amino nitrogene0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizer, reduced nitrogen and density treatment gave maximum pure sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectaree0
- Outcome
- pure sugar yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizer, reduced nitrogen and density treatment gave maximum impure sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectaree0
- Outcome
- impure sugar yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained.”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined biofertilizer, reduced nitrogen and density treatment gave maximum extractable sugar amount.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectaree0
- Outcome
- extractable sugar amounte0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“Also, utilizing bio-fertilizer; 50% reduction of nitrogen (100 kg nitrogen per hectare); and the density of 90,000 per hectare, had the desired quality of sugar beets with the minimum impurities (sodium, potassium, and alpha-amino nitrogen), and the maximum of pure and impure sugar yield and extractable sugar amount were obtained.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen application increased extractable sugar percentage in root pulp.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- root pulpe0
- Treatment
- increasing nitrogen application up to 200 kg per hectaree0
- Outcome
- extractable sugare0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“By increasing nitrogen application up to 200 kg per hectare, the percentages of extractable sugar and pure sugar in root pulp were increased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrogen application increased pure sugar percentage in root pulp.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- root pulpe0
- Treatment
- increasing nitrogen application up to 200 kg per hectaree0
- Outcome
- pure sugare0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e0“By increasing nitrogen application up to 200 kg per hectare, the percentages of extractable sugar and pure sugar in root pulp were increased.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude biological fertilizer can improve root quality and reduce chemical nitrogen fertilizer use.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Outcome
- increase qualitative characteristics of sugar beets root and reduced consumption of chemical nitrogen fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biological fertilizer application in sugar beet could increase qualitative characteristics of sugar beets root and reduced consumption of chemical nitrogen fertilizer in both locations.”
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