Abstract
Fresh-cut tissues are subjected to severe injury during preparation that leads to increased respiratory activity and quality deterioration. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) has been used to maintain quality of fresh-cut produce, but O 2 depletion and excessive CO 2 accumulation can be injurious. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of delayed packaging and MAP using two different oxygen transmission rate (OTR) films on quality maintenance and shelf stability of fresh-cut romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.). Romaine lettuce leaves were cut, washed, dried, and placed for 0, 4, 8, and 12 hours at 5 °C in ambient air before packaging. Fresh-cut samples were placed into packages prepared from films having OTRs of 8.0 and 16.6 pmol·s -1 ·m -2 ·Pa -1 , flushed with N 2 to reach an initial headspace O 2 level of 1.5 kPa O 2 , and stored at 5 °C for up to 14 days. Delayed packaging affected gas composition, fermentative volatile production, off-odor development, color, CO 2 injury, and tissue electrolyte leakage. With increasing delay before packaging, fermentative volatile production, off-odor development, and CO 2 injury progressively decreased and discoloration increased. The modified atmospheres obtained with 16.6 OTR film increased discoloration when present, and generally had less off-odor development and CO 2 injury compared to MAP with 8.0 OTR film. Delayed packaging affected overall quality of fresh-cut romaine lettuce packaged with both films. A 12-hour delayed packaging into packages prepared from 8.0 OTR film maintained quality by inhibiting CO 2 injury, off-odor development, and tissue electrolyte leakage. However, an 8-hour delayed packaging into packages prepared from 16.6 OTR film was better at maintaining the quality of fresh-cut romaine lettuce at 5 °C for 14 days. The results indicated that delayed packaging could be an alternative method to optimize or balance package O 2 during suboptimal OTR film packaging conditions.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Longer packaging delays reduced fermentative volatile production, off-odor and CO2 injury.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuce
Lactuca sativa var. longifoliae1 - Treatment
- increasing delay before packaginge0
- Outcome
- fermentative volatile production, off-odor development, and CO 2 injurye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing delay before packaging, fermentative volatile production, off-odor development, and CO 2 injury progressively decreased”
e1“fresh-cut romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer packaging delays increased discoloration.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuceLactuca sativa var. longifoliae2
- Treatment
- increasing delay before packaginge1
- Outcome
- discoloratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“discoloration increased”
e1“With increasing delay before packaging”
e2“fresh-cut romaine lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 16.6 OTR film increased discoloration.
- Taxon
- Romaine LettuceLactuca sativa var. longifoliat0
- Treatment
- 16.6 OTR filme0
- Outcome
- discoloratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The modified atmospheres obtained with 16.6 OTR film increased discoloration when present”
t0“Romaine Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
The 16.6 OTR film generally reduced off-odor and CO2 injury relative to the 8.0 OTR film.
- Taxon
- Romaine LettuceLactuca sativa var. longifoliat0
- Treatment
- 16.6 OTR filme1
- Outcome
- off-odor development and CO 2 injurye0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- MAP with 8.0 OTR filme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“generally had less off-odor development and CO 2 injury compared to MAP with 8.0 OTR film”
e1“with 16.6 OTR film increased discoloration”
t0“Romaine Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
A 12-hour delay with 8.0 OTR film maintained lettuce quality by inhibiting CO2 injury, off-odor and electrolyte leakage.
- Taxon
- Romaine LettuceLactuca sativa var. longifoliat0
- Treatment
- 12-hour delayed packaging into packages prepared from 8.0 OTR filme0
- Outcome
- CO 2 injury, off-odor development, and tissue electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A 12-hour delayed packaging into packages prepared from 8.0 OTR film maintained quality by inhibiting CO 2 injury, off-odor development, and tissue electrolyte leakage”
t0“Romaine Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
An 8-hour delay with 16.6 OTR film better maintained fresh-cut lettuce quality at 5 °C for 14 days.
- Taxon
- romaine lettuceLactuca sativa var. longifoliae0
- Treatment
- 8-hour delayed packaging into packages prepared from 16.6 OTR filme0
- Outcome
- qualitye0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- at 5 °C for 14 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an 8-hour delayed packaging into packages prepared from 16.6 OTR film was better at maintaining the quality of fresh-cut romaine lettuce at 5 °C for 14 days”
The same questions in other papers
storage · crop injury · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
storage · quality: general · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
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8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →storage · physiology: oxidative · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.