Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of tillage systems and nitrogen fertilization on the grain yield and quality of spring wheat and on selected chemical and biological properties of soil. The first order factor was the tillage system: (1) conventional (CT) - shallow ploughing and harrowing after harvest of the previous crop, and pre-winter ploughing; (2) reduced (RT) - only a cultivator after harvest of the previous crop, and (3) no-tillage (NT) - only Roundup 360 SL herbicide (a.s. glyphosate) after harvest of the previous crop. The second order factor was nitrogen dose: (1) 90 kg N/ha and (2) 150 kg N/ha. Higher yields were demonstrated for spring wheat sown in CT and RT systems, compared to the NT system. In addition, grain yield was increased by a nitrogen dose of 150 kg/ha, compared to 90 kg/ha. Contents of protein and wet gluten in the grain were also increased by the higher nitrogen dose. The RT and NT systems were observed to increase the content of organic C, total N and available phosphorus in the soil, compared to the CT system. They also increased the number and mass of earthworms in the soil, compared to the CT system.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage gave higher spring wheat yields than no-tillage.
- Taxon
- spring wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- NT systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher yields were demonstrated for spring wheat sown in CT and RT systems, compared to the NT system”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage gave higher spring wheat yields than no-tillage.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RTe0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- NT systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher yields were demonstrated for spring wheat sown in CT and RT systems, compared to the NT system”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A nitrogen dose of 150 kg/ha increased spring wheat grain yield compared with 90 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen dose of 150 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- 90 kg/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“grain yield was increased by a nitrogen dose of 150 kg/ha, compared to 90 kg/ha”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher nitrogen dose increased grain protein and wet gluten contents.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- higher nitrogen dosee2
- Outcome
- Contents of protein and wet gluten in the graine2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Contents of protein and wet gluten in the grain were also increased by the higher nitrogen dose”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage increased soil organic C, total N and available phosphorus compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RTe3
- Outcome
- content of organic C, total N and available phosphorus in the soile3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Comparator
- CT systeme3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The RT and NT systems were observed to increase the content of organic C, total N and available phosphorus in the soil, compared to the CT system”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage increased soil organic C, total N and available phosphorus compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NTe3
- Outcome
- content of organic C, total N and available phosphorus in the soile3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Comparator
- CT systeme3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The RT and NT systems were observed to increase the content of organic C, total N and available phosphorus in the soil, compared to the CT system”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage increased the number and mass of earthworms compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RTe3
- Outcome
- number and mass of earthwormse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- CT systeme4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The RT and NT systems were observed to increase the content of organic C, total N and available phosphorus in the soil, compared to the CT system”
e4“They also increased the number and mass of earthworms in the soil, compared to the CT system”
t0“spring wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage increased the number and mass of earthworms compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NTe3
- Outcome
- number and mass of earthwormse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- CT systeme4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The RT and NT systems were observed to increase the content of organic C, total N and available phosphorus in the soil, compared to the CT system”
e4“They also increased the number and mass of earthworms in the soil, compared to the CT system”
t0“spring wheat”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · soil: biology · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →tillage · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
118 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
141 papers more in this group
See all 145 papers →nitrogen · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
399 papers in the same direction as this paper · 47 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
450 papers more in this group
See all 454 papers →tillage · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,115 papers in the same direction as this paper · 257 in the opposite direction · 41 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- positive
- positive
1,410 papers more in this group
See all 1,414 papers →nitrogen · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,736 papers in the same direction as this paper · 285 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
2,057 papers more in this group
See all 2,061 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.