Abstract
It was found in previous paper that the anthocyanin accumulation in peach fruit skin was promoted by genistein(GNT)but inhibited by cGMP,which is quite different from the prevailing hypotheses in this field. In this study,we once again observed that GNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry skin in vitro. The anthocyanin accumulation induced by GNT was dependent on light exposure. However,a dark period about 10–12 h was necessary during GNT induction. This may suggest that light is unnecessary for the direct physiological responses for berries to GNT treatment,but necessary for anthocyanin accumulation. Furthermore,it was found that if the berries were treated with cGMP at once following GNT pretreatment,the GNT-induced anthocyanin accumulation was significantly inhibited. However,if cGMP treatment was conducted 12 h after GNT pretreatment,the inhibition of cGMP was no longer observed,suggesting that the GNT-induced physiological responses might be completed in 12 h. Detection by semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed the expression of the genes includingPAL,CHS and UFGT,which are related with anthocyanin biosynthesis,were up-regulated by light exposure and GNT treatment in grape skin,while LDOX seemed no response to these two factors. Treatment with cGMP inhibited RNA accumulation of PAL and CHS induced by GNT,suggesting that GNT and cGMP be of antagonism in regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in grape skins.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
GNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry skin in vitro.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Organ / stage
- berry skine0
- Treatment
- GNTe0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin accumulatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In this study,we once again observed that GNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry skin in vitro.”
Claim · model-written summary
GNT-induced anthocyanin accumulation depended on light exposure.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“The anthocyanin accumulation induced by GNT was dependent on light exposure.”
t0“grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
A dark period of about 10–12 h was necessary during GNT induction.
Verbatim
e0“However,a dark period about 10–12 h was necessary during GNT induction.”
t0“grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest light is unnecessary for direct berry responses to GNT but necessary for anthocyanin accumulation.
Verbatim
e0“This may suggest that light is unnecessary for the direct physiological responses for berries to GNT treatment,but necessary for anthocyanin accumulation.”
t0“grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
cGMP immediately after GNT pretreatment significantly inhibited GNT-induced anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Treatment
- cGMPe0
- Outcome
- GNT-induced anthocyanin accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- at once following GNT pretreatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“if the berries were treated with cGMP at once following GNT pretreatment,the GNT-induced anthocyanin accumulation was significantly inhibited.”
t0“grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
cGMP 12 h after GNT pretreatment showed no observed inhibition.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Treatment
- cGMP treatmente0
- Outcome
- inhibition of cGMPe0
- Direction
- no longer observede0
- Qualifier
- 12 h after GNT pretreatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“if cGMP treatment was conducted 12 h after GNT pretreatment,the inhibition of cGMP was no longer observed”
t0“grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
GNT-induced physiological responses might be completed in 12 h.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that the GNT-induced physiological responses might be completed in 12 h.”
t0“grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Light exposure up-regulated PAL, CHS and UFGT expression in grape skin.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Organ / stage
- skine0
- Treatment
- light exposuree0
- Gene
- PAL,CHS and UFGTe0
- Outcome
- expression of the genese0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Detection by semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed the expression of the genes includingPAL,CHS and UFGT,which are related with anthocyanin biosynthesis,were up-regulated by light exposure and GNT treatment in grape skin”
Claim · model-written summary
GNT up-regulated PAL, CHS and UFGT expression in grape skin.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Organ / stage
- skine0
- Treatment
- GNT treatmente0
- Gene
- PAL,CHS and UFGTe0
- Outcome
- expression of the genese0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Detection by semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed the expression of the genes includingPAL,CHS and UFGT,which are related with anthocyanin biosynthesis,were up-regulated by light exposure and GNT treatment in grape skin”
Claim · model-written summary
LDOX seemed unresponsive to light exposure.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“were up-regulated by light exposure and GNT treatment in grape skin,while LDOX seemed no response to these two factors.”
Claim · model-written summary
LDOX seemed unresponsive to GNT treatment.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“were up-regulated by light exposure and GNT treatment in grape skin,while LDOX seemed no response to these two factors.”
Claim · model-written summary
cGMP inhibited GNT-induced PAL and CHS RNA accumulation.
- Taxon
- grapest0
- Treatment
- cGMPe0
- Gene
- PAL and CHSe0
- Outcome
- RNA accumulation of PAL and CHSe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- induced by GNTe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with cGMP inhibited RNA accumulation of PAL and CHS induced by GNT”
t0“grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest GNT and cGMP act antagonistically in grape skin anthocyanin regulation.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that GNT and cGMP be of antagonism in regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in grape skins.”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.