Abstract
A series of laboratory assays were performed to compare the relative impact of commercial and experimental cultivars of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.), expressing zero, one, or two insecticidal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, on several lepidopteran pests. Assays in which larvae were fed fresh plant tissue indicated that dual-toxin B. thuringiensis (Bt) cultivars, expressing both Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab endotoxins of B. thuringiensis, were more toxic to bollworms, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), fall armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and beet armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), than single-toxin cultivars expressing Cry1Ac. Assays in which lyophilized plant tissue was incorporated into artificial diet also indicated improved activity of the dual-toxin Bt cultivar compared with single-toxin plants. Both bollworm and tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), growth was reduced by Bt cotton, particularly the dual-toxin cultivar. Although assays with lyophilized tissues were done using largely sublethal doses, bollworm survival was reduced by the dual-toxin cultivar. It appears that this newly developed Bt cotton expressing two toxins will be more effective and have a wider range of activity on these lepidopteran pests.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Dual toxin cotton was more toxic to bollworms than single toxin cotton.
- Taxon
- Cottons
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- dual-toxin B. thuringiensis (Bt) cultivarse0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa zea
.jpg?width=60)
Helicoverpa zeae0pest - Gene
- Cry1Ac and Cry2Abe0
- Outcome
- toxic to bollwormse0
- Direction
- more toxice0
- Comparator
- single-toxin cultivars expressing Cry1Ace0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“dual-toxin B. thuringiensis (Bt) cultivars, expressing both Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab endotoxins of B. thuringiensis, were more toxic to bollworms, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), fall armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and beet armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), than single-toxin cultivars expressing Cry1Ac.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual toxin cotton was more toxic to fall armyworms.
- Taxon
- CottonsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Bt Cottonst0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperda
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdae0pest - Outcome
- fall armywormse0
- Direction
- more toxice0
- Comparator
- single-toxin cultivars expressing Cry1Ace0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“were more toxic to bollworms, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), fall armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and beet armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), than single-toxin cultivars expressing Cry1Ac.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual toxin cotton was more toxic to beet armyworms.
- Taxon
- CottonsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Bt Cottonst0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera exigua
Spodoptera exiguae0pest - Outcome
- beet armywormse0
- Direction
- more toxice0
- Comparator
- single-toxin cultivars expressing Cry1Ace0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were more toxic to bollworms, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), fall armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and beet armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), than single-toxin cultivars expressing Cry1Ac.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual toxin cotton had improved activity in lyophilized tissue assays.
- Taxon
- CottonsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- dual-toxin Bt cultivare0
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- lyophilized plant tissuee0
- Comparator
- single-toxin plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Assays in which lyophilized plant tissue was incorporated into artificial diet also indicated improved activity of the dual-toxin Bt cultivar compared with single-toxin plants.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton reduced bollworm growth, especially the dual toxin cultivar.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Bt cottone0
- Interactor
- bollwormHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both bollworm and tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), growth was reduced by Bt cotton, particularly the dual-toxin cultivar.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt cotton reduced tobacco budworm growth.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Bt cottone0
- Interactor
- Heliothis virescens
Heliothis virescense0pest - Outcome
- tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both bollworm and tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), growth was reduced by Bt cotton, particularly the dual-toxin cultivar.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual toxin cotton reduced bollworm survival.
- Taxon
- CottonsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- dual-toxin cultivare0
- Interactor
- bollwormHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- bollworm survivale0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bollworm survival was reduced by the dual-toxin cultivar.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors expect dual toxin cotton to have greater and broader pest control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- more effective and have a wider range of activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this newly developed Bt cotton expressing two toxins will be more effective and have a wider range of activity on these lepidopteran pests.”
t0“Impact of Bt Cottons Expressing One or Two Insecticidal Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Growth and Survival of Noctuid (Lepidoptera) Larvae”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · Heliothis virescens · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
transgenic · Helicoverpa zea · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.