Abstract
Foliar insecticides and insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in transgenic cotton are common tools used for bollworm management in cotton. Efficacy of Bt proteins and foliar insecticides can be dependent upon larval location in the plant canopy and time of year. Floral structures are known to be a common food source for bollworm. Floral components can complicate bollworm control with foliar insecticides and transgenic cotton by protecting larvae from contact with formulated insecticides and lower concentrations of Bt proteins. Mortality was measured to evaluate the effects of Bt expression and foliar insecticides in flowers of non-Bt, two-gene Bt, and three-gene Bt cotton varieties. Expression of Bt protein in white flowers provided some efficacy after three days. Bollworm mortality at three days after infestation was less than 50% for all varieties in an unsprayed environment. Larval mortality on Bollgard 3 flowers was higher than that on Bollgard II flowers. Surviving larvae feeding on Bollgard 3 flowers weighed less than larvae that fed on Bollgard II flowers, and larvae that fed on Bollgard II flowers weighed less than those that fed on non-Bt flowers. The use of chlorantraniliprole or methoxyfenozide + spinetoram provided some control of bollworms three days after application to wilting flower corollas (bloom tags). Mortality ranged from 41.9% following application of chlorantraniliprole to 61.0% following application of methoxyfenozide + spinetoram. Results from this study will be used to improve integrated pest management programs for bollworm management in cotton.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of Bt protein in white flowers provided some efficacy against bollworm after three days.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- Expression of Bt protein in white flowerse1
- Interactor
- Bollworm
.jpg?width=60)
Helicoverpa zeat0pest - Outcome
- efficacye1
- Direction
- provided some efficacye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Dried Flower Corollas of Cotton”
e1“Expression of Bt protein in white flowers provided some efficacy after three days”
Claim · model-written summary
Bollworm mortality at three days after infestation was below 50% for all cotton varieties in an unsprayed environment.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- BollwormHelicoverpa zeat0pest
- Outcome
- Bollworm mortalitye2
- Value
- less than 50%e2
- Qualifier
- for all varietiese2
- Setting
- unsprayed environmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Dried Flower Corollas of Cotton”
e2“Bollworm mortality at three days after infestation was less than 50% for all varieties in an unsprayed environment”
Claim · model-written summary
Larval mortality on Bollgard 3 flowers was higher than on Bollgard II flowers.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Bollgard 3e3
- Interactor
- BollwormHelicoverpa zeat0pest
- Outcome
- Larval mortalitye3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- Bollgard II flowerse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Dried Flower Corollas of Cotton”
e3“Larval mortality on Bollgard 3 flowers was higher than that on Bollgard II flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Surviving larvae feeding on Bollgard 3 flowers weighed less than larvae feeding on Bollgard II flowers.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Bollgard 3e4
- Interactor
- BollwormHelicoverpa zeat0pest
- Outcome
- weighede4
- Direction
- lesse4
- Qualifier
- Surviving larvaee4
- Comparator
- Bollgard II flowerse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Dried Flower Corollas of Cotton”
e4“Surviving larvae feeding on Bollgard 3 flowers weighed less than larvae that fed on Bollgard II flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Larvae feeding on Bollgard II flowers weighed less than larvae feeding on non-Bt flowers.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Bollgard IIe5
- Interactor
- BollwormHelicoverpa zeat0pest
- Outcome
- weighede5
- Direction
- lesse5
- Comparator
- non-Bt flowerse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Dried Flower Corollas of Cotton”
e5“larvae that fed on Bollgard II flowers weighed less than those that fed on non-Bt flowers”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole provided some control of bollworm, with 41.9% mortality three days after application to wilting flower corollas.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- chlorantraniliprolee6
- Interactor
- BollwormHelicoverpa zeat0pest
- Outcome
- Mortalitye7
- Direction
- provided some controle6
- Value
- 41.9%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Dried Flower Corollas of Cotton”
e6“The use of chlorantraniliprole or methoxyfenozide + spinetoram provided some control of bollworms three days after application to wilting flower corollas”
e7“Mortality ranged from 41.9% following application of chlorantraniliprole to 61.0% following application of methoxyfenozide + spinetoram”
Claim · model-written summary
Methoxyfenozide plus spinetoram provided some control of bollworm, with 61.0% mortality three days after application to wilting flower corollas.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- methoxyfenozide + spinetorame6
- Interactor
- BollwormHelicoverpa zeat0pest
- Outcome
- Mortalitye7
- Direction
- provided some controle6
- Value
- 61.0%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Dried Flower Corollas of Cotton”
e6“The use of chlorantraniliprole or methoxyfenozide + spinetoram provided some control of bollworms three days after application to wilting flower corollas”
e7“Mortality ranged from 41.9% following application of chlorantraniliprole to 61.0% following application of methoxyfenozide + spinetoram”
The same questions in other papers
chlorantraniliprole · Helicoverpa zea · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Spinetoram · Helicoverpa zea · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
transgenic · Helicoverpa zea · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.