Abstract
Fertigation offers vast potential for efficient use of water and nutrients in sustainable orchard management. Beside minimizing losses, their distribution within the rhizosphere is of utmost importance. In present investigations, most of feeder roots were observed within 30 cm soil depth. Under drip fertigation, wetting front extended horizontally up to 45 cm from emitter. However, the maximum moisture content remained confined within 30 cm distance. Vertically, soil moisture also remained higher in the 0–30 cm soil layers. Under surface irrigation, deeper soil layers registered higher moisture content. Available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) under fertigation closely followed the moisture distribution pattern. Fertigation plus mulch resulted in 20% fertilizer and 15% water savings over fertigation without mulch. Beside 33% higher fruit yield and 25% water savings, and fertigation plus mulch resulted in 20 percent fertilizer and 40% water savings over surface irrigation.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Most apple feeder roots occurred within 30 cm soil depth.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Organ / stage
- feeder rootse0
- Outcome
- feeder rootse0
- Value
- 30 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most of feeder roots were observed within 30 cm soil depth”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drip fertigation, the wetting front extended horizontally to 45 cm from the emitter.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- drip fertigatione0
- Outcome
- wetting fronte0
- Value
- 45 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under drip fertigation, wetting front extended horizontally up to 45 cm from emitter”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum soil moisture under drip fertigation was confined within 30 cm.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Value
- 30 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum moisture content remained confined within 30 cm distance”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Vertical soil moisture was higher in the 0–30 cm layers.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- soil moisturee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0–30 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vertically, soil moisture also remained higher in the 0–30 cm soil layers”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface irrigation gave higher moisture in deeper soil layers.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- surface irrigatione0
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under surface irrigation, deeper soil layers registered higher moisture content”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Available nitrogen and potassium under fertigation followed moisture distribution.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- fertigatione0
- Outcome
- Available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) under fertigation closely followed the moisture distribution pattern”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation plus mulch saved 20% fertilizer relative to fertigation without mulch.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Fertigation plus mulche0
- Outcome
- fertilizere0
- Direction
- savingse0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- fertigation without mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertigation plus mulch resulted in 20% fertilizer and 15% water savings over fertigation without mulch”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation plus mulch saved 15% water relative to fertigation without mulch.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Fertigation plus mulche0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Direction
- savingse0
- Value
- 15%e0
- Comparator
- fertigation without mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertigation plus mulch resulted in 20% fertilizer and 15% water savings over fertigation without mulch”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation plus mulch produced 33% higher fruit yield.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- fertigation plus mulche0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 33%e0
- Comparator
- surface irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“33% higher fruit yield and 25% water savings, and fertigation plus mulch resulted in 20 percent fertilizer and 40% water savings over surface irrigation”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The abstract reports 25% water savings with the higher yield.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- water savingse0
- Value
- 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“33% higher fruit yield and 25% water savings”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation plus mulch saved 20 percent fertilizer relative to surface irrigation.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- fertigation plus mulche0
- Outcome
- fertilizere0
- Direction
- savingse0
- Value
- 20 percente0
- Comparator
- surface irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertigation plus mulch resulted in 20 percent fertilizer and 40% water savings over surface irrigation”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation plus mulch saved 40% water relative to surface irrigation.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- fertigation plus mulche0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Direction
- savingse0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- surface irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertigation plus mulch resulted in 20 percent fertilizer and 40% water savings over surface irrigation”
t0“Apple”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
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- no effect
- no effect
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149 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
174 papers more in this group
See all 178 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.