Abstract
Abstract The synthetic sex attractant of the pink bollworm of cotton, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae), is a mixture of ( Z, Z ) and ( Z, E )-7, 11-hexadecadien-l-ol acetate, referred to as gossyplure (Hummel et al. , 1973). Field trials in the Lower Shire Valley, Malawi, have shown that of various mixtures tested, 55–60% of the ( Z,Z ) isomer in a mixture of the two acetates gives maximum field attraction. The catches of both pink bollworm males and males of the red bollworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., in pheromone traps are not affected by the release of mixtures of the pheromones of both species together. Dual-purpose sex pheromone traps may therefore be used to monitor both pest species at the same time. A simple omnidirectional flat disc trap is as efficient in trapping pink bollworm males as more complex designs. Release of gossyplure from a sealed 2·5 ml polyethylene vial or from a Zoecon beem-polyethylene vial is more efficient than from narrow-bore teflon capillary. Presence of the antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl- P -cresol at 8·4% w/w gossyplure does not increase the attractive life of the pheromone in the field. Considerable numbers of the Angoumois grain moth Sitotroga cerealella (Ol.) (Tineidae), together with a new species of gelechiid, were occasionally caught by gossyplure lures in cotton fields. Catches of pink bollworm are not influenced by moonlight or trap colour but are significantly influenced by trap area. Maximum catches of males occur between midnight and 04.00 h in June and between 01.00 and 05.00 h in August.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
A mixture containing 55–60% of the ( Z,Z ) isomer gave maximum field attraction.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Treatment
- 55–60% of the ( Z,Z ) isomere0
- Interactor
- Pectinophora gossypiella
Pectinophora gossypiellat0pest - Outcome
- maximum field attractione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- various mixtures testede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field trials in the Lower Shire Valley, Malawi, have shown that of various mixtures tested, 55–60% of the ( Z,Z ) isomer in a mixture of the two acetates gives maximum field attraction”
t0“Pectinophora gossypiella (saund.) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in Malawi”
e1“The synthetic sex attractant of the pink bollworm of cotton, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined pheromones did not affect pink bollworm male trap catches.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- release of mixtures of the pheromones of both species togethere0
- Interactor
- pink bollwormPectinophora gossypiellae0pest
- Outcome
- catches of both pink bollworm malese0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The catches of both pink bollworm males and males of the red bollworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., in pheromone traps are not affected by the release of mixtures of the pheromones of both species together.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined pheromones did not affect red bollworm male trap catches.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- release of mixtures of the pheromones of both species togethere0
- Interactor
- Diparopsis castanea Hmps.e0pest
- Outcome
- males of the red bollworm of cottone0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The catches of both pink bollworm males and males of the red bollworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., in pheromone traps are not affected by the release of mixtures of the pheromones of both species together.”
Claim · model-written summary
A flat disc trap was as efficient as more complex designs for pink bollworm males.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Interactor
- pink bollwormPectinophora gossypiellae0pest
- Outcome
- efficient in trapping pink bollworm malese0
- Comparator
- more complex designse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A simple omnidirectional flat disc trap is as efficient in trapping pink bollworm males as more complex designs.”
t0“pink bollworm of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
A sealed polyethylene vial released gossyplure more efficiently than a narrow-bore teflon capillary.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- sealed 2·5 ml polyethylene viale0
- Outcome
- Release of gossypluree0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
- Comparator
- narrow-bore teflon capillarye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Release of gossyplure from a sealed 2·5 ml polyethylene vial or from a Zoecon beem-polyethylene vial is more efficient than from narrow-bore teflon capillary.”
t0“pink bollworm of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
A Zoecon beem-polyethylene vial released gossyplure more efficiently than a narrow-bore teflon capillary.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Zoecon beem-polyethylene viale0
- Outcome
- Release of gossypluree0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
- Comparator
- narrow-bore teflon capillarye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Release of gossyplure from a sealed 2·5 ml polyethylene vial or from a Zoecon beem-polyethylene vial is more efficient than from narrow-bore teflon capillary.”
t0“pink bollworm of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant addition did not increase pheromone attractive life in the field.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 2,6-di-tert-butyl- P -cresol at 8·4% w/w gossypluree0
- Outcome
- attractive life of the pheromonee0
- Direction
- does not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Presence of the antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl- P -cresol at 8·4% w/w gossyplure does not increase the attractive life of the pheromone in the field.”
t0“pink bollworm of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Gossyplure lures occasionally caught considerable numbers of Sitotroga cerealella.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Interactor
- Sitotroga cerealella
Sitotroga cerealellae0pest - Outcome
- Considerable numbers of the Angoumois grain moth Sitotroga cerealellae0
- Setting
- cotton fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Considerable numbers of the Angoumois grain moth Sitotroga cerealella (Ol.) (Tineidae), together with a new species of gelechiid, were occasionally caught by gossyplure lures in cotton fields.”
Claim · model-written summary
Gossyplure lures occasionally caught a new gelechiid species.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Interactor
- a new species of gelechiide0pest
- Outcome
- a new species of gelechiide0
- Setting
- cotton fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“together with a new species of gelechiid, were occasionally caught by gossyplure lures in cotton fields.”
Claim · model-written summary
Moonlight did not influence pink bollworm catches.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- moonlighte0
- Interactor
- pink bollwormPectinophora gossypiellae0pest
- Outcome
- Catches of pink bollworme0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Catches of pink bollworm are not influenced by moonlight or trap colour but are significantly influenced by trap area.”
t0“pink bollworm of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Trap colour did not influence pink bollworm catches.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- trap coloure0
- Interactor
- pink bollwormPectinophora gossypiellae0pest
- Outcome
- Catches of pink bollworme0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Catches of pink bollworm are not influenced by moonlight or trap colour but are significantly influenced by trap area.”
t0“pink bollworm of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Trap area significantly influenced pink bollworm catches.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- trap areae0
- Interactor
- pink bollwormPectinophora gossypiellae0pest
- Outcome
- Catches of pink bollworme0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Catches of pink bollworm are not influenced by moonlight or trap colour but are significantly influenced by trap area.”
t0“pink bollworm of cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Male catches peaked between midnight and 04.00 h in June.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Interactor
- Pectinophora gossypiellaPectinophora gossypiellat0pest
- Outcome
- Maximum catches of malese0
- Value
- midnight and 04.00 he0
- Qualifier
- Junee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum catches of males occur between midnight and 04.00 h in June and between 01.00 and 05.00 h in August.”
t0“Pectinophora gossypiella (saund.) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in Malawi”
e1“The synthetic sex attractant of the pink bollworm of cotton, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Male catches peaked between 01.00 and 05.00 h in August.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Interactor
- Pectinophora gossypiellaPectinophora gossypiellat0pest
- Outcome
- Maximum catches of malese0
- Value
- 01.00 and 05.00 he0
- Qualifier
- Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum catches of males occur between midnight and 04.00 h in June and between 01.00 and 05.00 h in August.”
t0“Pectinophora gossypiella (saund.) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in Malawi”
e1“The synthetic sex attractant of the pink bollworm of cotton, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.)”
The same questions in other papers
pheromone · nutrient: content · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
pheromone · Pectinophora gossypiella · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.