Abstract
The effect of the herbicides chlorsulfuron and diclofop-methyl on nutrient uptake and utilization by wheat was examined in two glasshouse and one field experiment. In the glasshouse, chlorsulfuron decreased shoot weight, root weight and root length. Phosphorus uptake was decreased by chlorsulfuron, especially when combined with low phosphorus supply. Uptake of potassium was also decreased while uptake of nitrogen, calcium and magnesium was not affected. Under field conditions, chlorsulfuron decreased concentrations of a range of elements in plant shoots during early growth by up to 30%. This effect faded with increasing plant age. Chlorsulfuron treatment did not decrease nutrient concentrations in mature grain or grain yield. The elements in order of decreasing sensitivity to chlorsulfuron application were: macro-elements phosphorus, potassium > nitrogen, sulfur > calcium, magnesium and micro-elements zinc, copper > manganese > iron. There were differences in sensitivity to chlorsulfuron treatment between cultivars; Kulin was more sensitive than Reeves. Diclofop-methyl application had little effect on nutrient concentration in plant shoots. Zinc and copper concentrations were reduced in vegetative growth, although only copper concentrations were reduced in mature grain of Kulin. The uptake of nutrients which principally move to plant roots by diffusion was decreased more by herbicides than the uptake of nutrients which principally move by mass flow. It is therefore likely that the herbicides are modifying the ability of roots to explore soil rather than decreasing absorption at the root surface.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorsulfuron decreased wheat shoot and root weights and root length in glasshouse experiments.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- chlorsulfurone0
- Outcome
- shoot weight, root weight and root lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the glasshouse, chlorsulfuron decreased shoot weight, root weight and root length”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorsulfuron decreased phosphorus uptake, particularly with low phosphorus supply.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- chlorsulfurone0
- Outcome
- Phosphorus uptakee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- low phosphorus supplye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorus uptake was decreased by chlorsulfuron, especially when combined with low phosphorus supply”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorsulfuron decreased potassium uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- chlorsulfuront1
- Outcome
- Uptake of potassiume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Uptake of potassium was also decreased”
t0“wheat”
t1“chlorsulfuron”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen, calcium and magnesium uptake was unaffected.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- chlorsulfuront1
- Outcome
- uptake of nitrogen, calcium and magnesiume0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“uptake of nitrogen, calcium and magnesium was not affected”
t0“wheat”
t1“chlorsulfuron”
Claim · model-written summary
Field chlorsulfuron reduced shoot element concentrations during early growth by up to 30%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- plant shoots during early growthe0
- Treatment
- chlorsulfurone0
- Outcome
- concentrations of a range of elementse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- up to 30%e0
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under field conditions, chlorsulfuron decreased concentrations of a range of elements in plant shoots during early growth by up to 30%”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduction in shoot element concentrations faded as wheat aged.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- This effecte0
- Direction
- fadede0
- Qualifier
- increasing plant agee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This effect faded with increasing plant age”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorsulfuron did not decrease mature grain nutrient concentrations or grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Chlorsulfuron treatmente0
- Outcome
- nutrient concentrations in mature grain or grain yielde0
- Direction
- did not decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorsulfuron treatment did not decrease nutrient concentrations in mature grain or grain yield”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Kulin was more sensitive to chlorsulfuron than Reeves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Kuline0
- Outcome
- more sensitivee0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- Reevese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kulin was more sensitive than Reeves”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclofop-methyl had little effect on shoot nutrient concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Diclofop-methyl applicatione0
- Outcome
- nutrient concentration in plant shootse0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Diclofop-methyl application had little effect on nutrient concentration in plant shoots”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclofop-methyl reduced zinc and copper concentrations during vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative growthe0
- Treatment
- diclofop-methylt1
- Outcome
- Zinc and copper concentrationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc and copper concentrations were reduced in vegetative growth”
t0“wheat”
t1“diclofop-methyl”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclofop-methyl reduced copper concentration in mature Kulin grain.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Kuline0
- Organ / stage
- mature graine0
- Treatment
- diclofop-methylt1
- Outcome
- copper concentrationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only copper concentrations were reduced in mature grain of Kulin”
t0“wheat”
t1“diclofop-methyl”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicides reduced uptake of diffusion-moved nutrients more than mass-flow nutrients.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicidese0
- Outcome
- uptake of nutrients which principally move to plant roots by diffusione0
- Direction
- decreased moree0
- Comparator
- nutrients which principally move by mass flowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The uptake of nutrients which principally move to plant roots by diffusion was decreased more by herbicides than the uptake of nutrients which principally move by mass flow”
t0“wheat”
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See all 33 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.