Abstract
Growth responses to exogenous CO2 or ethylene and the production of CO2 or ethylene in embryonic axes excised from dormant or non-dormant seeds of cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.) were examined in relation to oxygen tension. There were two ethylene-producing systems in the axes, one anaerobic and one aerobic. The former was active in dormant seeds and the latter was active in non-dormant seeds. The axes from non-dormant but impotent small seeds, incapable of germinating under ordinary conditions, showed higher activities for both systems. However, there was no qualitative difference in the oxygen response as to CO2 output between the dormant and non-dormant axes, but CO2 output under aerobic conditions was greater with non-dormant seeds. Regardless of dormancy status, growth stimulation of axes by CO2 occurred when it was applied during the beginning of incubation and in atmospheres with oxygen concentrations insufficient to permit normal axial growth. Nevertheless, the stimulation of ethylene production by CO2 was parallel with the increase of oxygen tension, suggesting that the CO2-stimulated ethylene production could not be the result of CO2-stimulated axial growth. The growth response was most sensitive to ethylene after the CO2-sensitive period and before an oxygen-requiring period. Similarly to the action of CO2, the most striking effect of ethylene on the growth of non-dormant axes was obtained in oxygen-deficient atmospheres. However, the synergistic interaction between CO*2 and ethylene occurred only in aerobic conditions. Unlike the non-dormant axes, the dormant ones, whose aerobic ethylene productivity was very small, responded to ethylene with increased growth in proportion to increasing oxygen tension.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Cocklebur axes had two ethylene-producing systems, one anaerobic and one aerobic.
- Taxon
- cocklebur
Xanthium strumariume0 - Organ / stage
- axese1
- Outcome
- two ethylene-producing systemse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e1“There were two ethylene-producing systems in the axes, one anaerobic and one aerobic”
Claim · model-written summary
The anaerobic ethylene system was active in dormant seeds and the aerobic one in non-dormant seeds.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Outcome
- The former was active in dormant seeds and the latter was active in non-dormant seedse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e2“The former was active in dormant seeds and the latter was active in non-dormant seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Axes from non-dormant but impotent small seeds showed higher activities of both ethylene-producing systems.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Organ / stage
- axes from non-dormant but impotent small seedse3
- Outcome
- activities for both systemse3
- Direction
- highere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e3“The axes from non-dormant but impotent small seeds, incapable of germinating under ordinary conditions, showed higher activities for both systems”
Claim · model-written summary
There was no qualitative difference in the oxygen response of CO2 output between dormant and non-dormant axes.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Outcome
- oxygen response as to CO2 outpute4
- Direction
- no qualitative differencee4
- Comparator
- dormant and non-dormant axese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e4“there was no qualitative difference in the oxygen response as to CO2 output between the dormant and non-dormant axes”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 output under aerobic conditions was greater with non-dormant seeds.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Outcome
- CO2 output under aerobic conditionse5
- Direction
- greatere5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e5“CO2 output under aerobic conditions was greater with non-dormant seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
CO2 stimulated growth of cocklebur axes when applied at the beginning of incubation and in atmospheres with insufficient oxygen for normal axial growth.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Treatment
- CO2e6
- Outcome
- growth stimulation of axese6
- Direction
- stimulatione6
- Qualifier
- during the beginning of incubatione6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e6“growth stimulation of axes by CO2 occurred when it was applied during the beginning of incubation and in atmospheres with oxygen concentrations insufficient to permit normal axial growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2-stimulated ethylene production was parallel with the increase of oxygen tension.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Treatment
- oxygen tensione7
- Outcome
- stimulation of ethylene production by CO2e7
- Direction
- increasee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e7“the stimulation of ethylene production by CO2 was parallel with the increase of oxygen tension”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that CO2-stimulated ethylene production could not be the result of CO2-stimulated axial growth.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Outcome
- CO2-stimulated ethylene productione1
- Qualifier
- could not be the result of CO2-stimulated axial growthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e1“suggesting that the CO2-stimulated ethylene production could not be the result of CO2-stimulated axial growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth response was most sensitive to ethylene after the CO2-sensitive period and before an oxygen-requiring period.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Outcome
- growth response was most sensitive to ethylenee2
- Qualifier
- after the CO2-sensitive period and before an oxygen-requiring periode2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e2“The growth response was most sensitive to ethylene after the CO2-sensitive period and before an oxygen-requiring period”
Claim · model-written summary
The most striking effect of ethylene on the growth of non-dormant axes occurred in oxygen-deficient atmospheres.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Treatment
- ethylenee3
- Outcome
- growth of non-dormant axese3
- Direction
- most striking effecte3
- Qualifier
- oxygen-deficient atmospherese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e3“the most striking effect of ethylene on the growth of non-dormant axes was obtained in oxygen-deficient atmospheres”
Claim · model-written summary
A synergistic interaction between CO2 and ethylene occurred only in aerobic conditions.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Treatment
- CO*2 and ethylenee4
- Outcome
- synergistic interactione4
- Direction
- synergistice4
- Qualifier
- only in aerobic conditionse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e4“the synergistic interaction between CO*2 and ethylene occurred only in aerobic conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Dormant axes, with very small aerobic ethylene productivity, responded to ethylene with increased growth in proportion to increasing oxygen tension.
- Taxon
- cockleburXanthium strumariume0
- Organ / stage
- dormant onese5
- Treatment
- ethylenee5
- Outcome
- growthe5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Qualifier
- in proportion to increasing oxygen tensione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.)”
e5“the dormant ones, whose aerobic ethylene productivity was very small, responded to ethylene with increased growth in proportion to increasing oxygen tension”
The same questions in other papers
ethene · growth · Xanthium strumarium (cocklebur)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
co2 · growth · Xanthium strumarium (cocklebur)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.