Abstract
We have previously shown that both endogenous auxin and ethylene promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings. Experiments here showed that promotive effects on rooting of the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) and the ethylene-releasing compound, ethephon (2-chloro-ethylphosphonic acid), depended on the existence of cotyledons and apical bud (major sources of auxin) or the presence of exogenously applied indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Ethephon, ACC, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis), and silver thiosulphate (STS, an inhibitor of ethylene action), applied for a length of time that significantly influenced adventitious rooting, showed no inhibitory effect on the basipetal transport of [3H]IAA. These regulators also had no effect on the metabolism of [3H]IAA and endogenous IAA levels measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ACC enhanced the rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAA and decreased the inhibition of rooting by IAA transport inhibitor, N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). STS reduced the rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAA and increased the inhibition of rooting by NPA. Exogenous auxins promoted ethylene production in the rooting zone of the hypocotyls. Decapitation of the cuttings or application of NPA to the hypocotyl below the cotyledons did not alter ethylene production in the rooting zone, but greatly reduced the number of root primordia. We conclude that auxin is a primary controller of adventitious root formation in sunflower hypocotyls, while the effect of ethylene is mediated by auxin.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon promoted rooting of sunflower hypocotyls, depending on cotyledons, apical bud or exogenous IAA.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Treatment
- ethephone1
- Outcome
- rootinge1
- Direction
- promotivee1
- Qualifier
- depended on the existence of cotyledons and apical bud (major sources of auxin) or the presence of exogenously applied indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e1“Experiments here showed that promotive effects on rooting of the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) and the ethylene-releasing compound, ethephon (2-chloro-ethylphosphonic acid), depended on the existence of cotyledons and apical bud (major sources of auxin) or the presence of exogenously applied indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon, ACC, aminoethoxyvinylglycine and silver thiosulphate showed no inhibitory effect on basipetal IAA transport.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Ethephon, ACC, aminoethoxyvinylglycinee2
- Outcome
- basipetal transport of [3H]IAAe2
- Direction
- no inhibitory effecte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e2“Ethephon, ACC, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis), and silver thiosulphate (STS, an inhibitor of ethylene action), applied for a length of time that significantly influenced adventitious rooting, showed no inhibitory effect on the basipetal transport of [3H]IAA”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC enhanced the rooting response of sunflower hypocotyls to exogenous IAA.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- ACCe3
- Outcome
- rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAAe3
- Direction
- enhancede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e3“ACC enhanced the rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAA and decreased the inhibition of rooting by IAA transport inhibitor, N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA)”
Claim · model-written summary
ACC decreased the inhibition of rooting by NPA in sunflower hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- ACCe3
- Compound
- N-1-naphthylphthalamic acide3
- Outcome
- inhibition of rooting by IAA transport inhibitore3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e3“ACC enhanced the rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAA and decreased the inhibition of rooting by IAA transport inhibitor, N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA)”
Claim · model-written summary
STS reduced the rooting response of sunflower hypocotyls to exogenous IAA.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- STSe4
- Outcome
- rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAAe4
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e4“STS reduced the rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAA and increased the inhibition of rooting by NPA”
Claim · model-written summary
STS increased the inhibition of rooting by NPA in sunflower hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- STSe4
- Outcome
- inhibition of rooting by NPAe4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e4“STS reduced the rooting response of hypocotyls to exogenous IAA and increased the inhibition of rooting by NPA”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous auxins promoted ethylene production in the rooting zone of sunflower hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- rooting zone of the hypocotylse5
- Treatment
- Exogenous auxinse5
- Outcome
- ethylene productione5
- Direction
- promotede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e5“Exogenous auxins promoted ethylene production in the rooting zone of the hypocotyls”
Claim · model-written summary
Decapitation or NPA application did not alter ethylene production in the rooting zone.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- rooting zonee6
- Treatment
- Decapitation of the cuttings or application of NPAe6
- Outcome
- ethylene productione6
- Direction
- did not altere6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e6“Decapitation of the cuttings or application of NPA to the hypocotyl below the cotyledons did not alter ethylene production in the rooting zone, but greatly reduced the number of root primordia”
Claim · model-written summary
Decapitation or NPA application greatly reduced the number of root primordia.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- Decapitation of the cuttings or application of NPAe6
- Outcome
- number of root primordiae6
- Direction
- greatly reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e6“Decapitation of the cuttings or application of NPA to the hypocotyl below the cotyledons did not alter ethylene production in the rooting zone, but greatly reduced the number of root primordia”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin is a primary controller of adventitious root formation in sunflower hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse7
- Compound
- auxine7
- Outcome
- adventitious root formatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conclude that auxin is a primary controller of adventitious root formation in sunflower hypocotyls”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of ethylene on rooting is mediated by auxin.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Compound
- auxine7
- Outcome
- effect of ethylenee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promote adventitious root formation in the hypocotyls of derooted sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings”
e7“while the effect of ethylene is mediated by auxin”
The same questions in other papers
1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →pruning · physiology: hormones · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.