Paper · 1973 · The Journal of Agricultural Science

An analysis of the effect of weed competition on growth and yield attributes in sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)

B. A. C. Enyi

6
claims
14
verbatim quotes
7
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

SUMMARY In each of the crops studied, weeding increased grain yield, weeding 2 weeks after sowing being better than weeding either four or eight weeks after sowing and weeding two and four weeks after sowing being better than weeding either two and eight weeks or four and eight weeks aftersowing. Weeding thrice (two, four and eight weeks after sowing) was significantly superior to all the other weeding treatments. Weeding increased leaf area index, dry weight of side and mainstem and number of mature pods at harvest in green gram and cowpeas. In sorghum, apart from increasing leaf area index, it also increased the length of ears and grain weight per unit lengthof ear. The weeding treatments affected grain yield in cowpeas and green gram due totheir influence on leaf area development, development of the main and side stems and on the number of mature pods produced at harvest. The effect of the weeding treatments on grain yield of sorghum was due to their influence on leaf area development, length of ear and grain weight perunit length of ear.

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Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weeding increased grain yield in each crop studied.

Taxon
sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)Vigna radiata var. radiataVigna unguiculataSorghum bicolort0
Treatment
weedinge1
Outcome
grain yielde1
Direction
increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolor · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Pethan assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–164 · show in text ↑
e1

“In each of the crops studied, weeding increased grain yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 8–67 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weeding two weeks after sowing gave better grain yield than weeding four or eight weeks after sowing.

Taxon
sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)Vigna radiata var. radiataVigna unguiculataSorghum bicolort0
Treatment
weeding 2 weeks after sowinge2
Outcome
grain yielde1
Direction
bettere2
Comparator
weeding either four or eight weeks after sowinge2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolor · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Pethan assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–164 · show in text ↑
e1

“In each of the crops studied, weeding increased grain yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 8–67 · show in text ↑
e2

“weeding 2 weeks after sowing being better than weeding either four or eight weeks after sowing”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 69–163 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Weeding thrice at two, four and eight weeks after sowing was significantly superior to all other weeding treatments.

Taxon
sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)Vigna radiata var. radiataVigna unguiculataSorghum bicolort0
Treatment
Weeding thrice (two, four and eight weeks after sowing)e3
Direction
significantly superiore3
Comparator
all the other weeding treatmentse3

Not reportedOutcome

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolor · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Pethan assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–164 · show in text ↑
e3

“Weeding thrice (two, four and eight weeks after sowing) was significantly superior to all the other weeding treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 298–416 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weeding increased leaf area index, dry weight of side and mainstem and number of mature pods in green gram and cowpeas.

Treatment
Weedinge4
Outcome
leaf area indexe4
Direction
increasede4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–164 · show in text ↑
e4

“Weeding increased leaf area index, dry weight of side and mainstem and number of mature pods at harvest in green gram and cowpeas”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 418–547 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In sorghum, weeding increased ear length and grain weight per unit ear length.

Taxon
sorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
weedinge1
Outcome
length of earse5
Direction
increasede5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–164 · show in text ↑
e1

“In each of the crops studied, weeding increased grain yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 8–67 · show in text ↑
e5

“In sorghum, apart from increasing leaf area index, it also increased the length of ears and grain weight per unit lengthof ear”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 549–675 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weeding affected grain yield in cowpeas and green gram through its influence on leaf area development.

Treatment
weeding treatmentse6
Outcome
grain yielde6
Qualifier
their influence on leaf area developmente6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) and green gram (Vigna aureus)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–164 · show in text ↑
e6

“The weeding treatments affected grain yield in cowpeas and green gram due totheir influence on leaf area development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 677–793 · show in text ↑

herbicide · yield · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results differ

37 papers: 27 positive, 10 negative or no effect

26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

33 papers more in this group

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herbicide · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

13 papers: 8 positive, 5 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

9 papers more in this group

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herbicide · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

28 papers: 19 positive, 9 negative or no effect

18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

24 papers more in this group

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herbicide · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

53 papers: 45 positive, 8 negative or no effect

44 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

49 papers more in this group

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herbicide · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

109 papers: 103 positive, 6 negative or no effect

102 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

105 papers more in this group

See all 109 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.