Abstract
Allelopathy is pragmatic approach for sustainable weed management in agro-ecosystems. A laboratory bioassay experiment was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of combinations of water extracts of six plants against wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild oat (Avena fatua L.). In case of Avena fatua L., Cuscuta reflexa (T3) and C. reflexa+ Parthenium hysterophorus (T18) extracts totally inhibited the germination whereas Salvia moocraftiana (T2) extract completely inhibited the plumule growth. The rest of the treatments significantly reduced the plumule length of it. All treatments significantly decreased the radical length of Avena fatua L. except Euphorbia helioscopia (T1) extract. A gradual reduction in fresh and dry weight was observed. In case of Triticum aestivum L., E. helioscopia+ S. moocraftiana (T8), E. helioscopia+ P. hysterophorus (T11) and S. moocraftiana+ P. hysterophorus (T15) extracts had no effect on germination. But all the treatments significantly reduced the plumule and radical length of Wheat. S. moocraftiana (T2) extract increased while C. papaya (T4), C. reflexa+ R. dentatus (T17) and C. papaya+ R. dentatus (T19) extracts decreased the fresh weight of Triticum aestivum L. It is concluded that different combinations of plant extracts can be used as bioherbicide against Avena fatua L. without damaging Triticum aestivum L. Further investigation is proposed to optimize the suitable concentrations of plant extracts in such combinations.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Cuscuta reflexa (T3) extract totally inhibited germination of wild oat.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e1“Cuscuta reflexa (T3) and C. reflexa+ Parthenium hysterophorus (T18) extracts totally inhibited the germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined extract C. reflexa+ Parthenium hysterophorus (T18) totally inhibited germination of wild oat.
- Taxon
- wild oatt0
- Treatment
- C. reflexa+ Parthenium hysterophorus (T18)e1
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- totally inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e1“Cuscuta reflexa (T3) and C. reflexa+ Parthenium hysterophorus (T18) extracts totally inhibited the germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Salvia moocraftiana (T2) extract completely inhibited plumule growth of wild oat.
- Taxon
- wild oatt0
- Treatment
- Salvia moocraftiana (T2) extracte2
- Outcome
- plumule growthe2
- Direction
- completely inhibitede2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e2“Salvia moocraftiana (T2) extract completely inhibited the plumule growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The rest of the treatments significantly reduced plumule length of wild oat.
- Taxon
- wild oatt0
- Treatment
- rest of the treatmentse3
- Outcome
- plumule lengthe3
- Direction
- significantly reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e3“The rest of the treatments significantly reduced the plumule length of it”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments except Euphorbia helioscopia (T1) extract significantly decreased radical length of wild oat.
- Taxon
- wild oatt0
- Treatment
- All treatmentse4
- Outcome
- radical lengthe4
- Direction
- significantly decreasede4
- Qualifier
- except Euphorbia helioscopia (T1) extracte4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e4“All treatments significantly decreased the radical length of Avena fatua L. except Euphorbia helioscopia (T1) extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh and dry weight of wild oat showed a gradual reduction under the extract treatments.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e5“A gradual reduction in fresh and dry weight was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract combination E. helioscopia+ S. moocraftiana (T8) had no effect on wheat germination.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- E. helioscopia+ S. moocraftiana (T8)e6
- Outcome
- germinatione6
- Direction
- no effecte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e6“E. helioscopia+ S. moocraftiana (T8), E. helioscopia+ P. hysterophorus (T11) and S. moocraftiana+ P. hysterophorus (T15) extracts had no effect on germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract combination E. helioscopia+ P. hysterophorus (T11) had no effect on wheat germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- E. helioscopia+ P. hysterophorus (T11)e6
- Outcome
- germinatione6
- Direction
- no effecte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e6“E. helioscopia+ S. moocraftiana (T8), E. helioscopia+ P. hysterophorus (T11) and S. moocraftiana+ P. hysterophorus (T15) extracts had no effect on germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract combination S. moocraftiana+ P. hysterophorus (T15) had no effect on wheat germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- S. moocraftiana+ P. hysterophorus (T15)e6
- Outcome
- germinatione6
- Direction
- no effecte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e6“E. helioscopia+ S. moocraftiana (T8), E. helioscopia+ P. hysterophorus (T11) and S. moocraftiana+ P. hysterophorus (T15) extracts had no effect on germination”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments significantly reduced plumule and radical length of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all the treatmentse7
- Outcome
- plumule and radical lengthe7
- Direction
- significantly reducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e7“But all the treatments significantly reduced the plumule and radical length of Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Salvia moocraftiana (T2) extract increased fresh weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- S. moocraftiana (T2) extracte0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e0“S. moocraftiana (T2) extract increased while C. papaya (T4), C. reflexa+ R. dentatus (T17) and C. papaya+ R. dentatus (T19) extracts decreased the fresh weight of Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract C. papaya (T4) decreased fresh weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- C. papaya (T4)e0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e0“S. moocraftiana (T2) extract increased while C. papaya (T4), C. reflexa+ R. dentatus (T17) and C. papaya+ R. dentatus (T19) extracts decreased the fresh weight of Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract C. reflexa+ R. dentatus (T17) decreased fresh weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- C. reflexa+ R. dentatus (T17)e0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e0“S. moocraftiana (T2) extract increased while C. papaya (T4), C. reflexa+ R. dentatus (T17) and C. papaya+ R. dentatus (T19) extracts decreased the fresh weight of Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract C. papaya+ R. dentatus (T19) decreased fresh weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- C. papaya+ R. dentatus (T19)e0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat and wild oat”
e0“S. moocraftiana (T2) extract increased while C. papaya (T4), C. reflexa+ R. dentatus (T17) and C. papaya+ R. dentatus (T19) extracts decreased the fresh weight of Triticum aestivum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Different combinations of plant extracts can be used as a bioherbicide against wild oat without damaging wheat.
- Taxon
- Avena fatua L.
Avena fatuae0 - Treatment
- different combinations of plant extractse0
- Outcome
- bioherbicidee0
- Qualifier
- without damaging Triticum aestivum Le0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is concluded that different combinations of plant extracts can be used as bioherbicide against Avena fatua L. without damaging Triticum aestivum L”
The same questions in other papers
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Parthenium hysterophorus · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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- negative
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See all 435 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.