Abstract
Abstract We conducted a two‐year experiment to evaluate the effects of fresh pepper residues ( CR treatment) on soil properties and broccoli yield compared with the application of chemical fertilizers ( CF treatment). Soil‐state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR ) spectroscopy was used to characterize the organic composition of added residues and surface soil. We also measured total and soluble organic carbon and different biochemical properties associated with the C cycle. The results show that large application rates of CR increased microbial biomass carbon ( MBC ) and arylesterase and β‐glucosidase activities compared with the control. There was a significant increase in MBC for the CF treatment only with the greatest application rate. No differences in soil organic carbon composition and structure were found between treatments with soil organic C , soluble C , basal soil respiration, arylesterase and β‐glucosidase activities correlated positively with the soil carboxylic region and negatively with the aromatic region of the spectra. Broccoli yield was significantly more for the second crop cycle with maximum values for the greatest application rates of CF and CR indicating that crop residues with a minimum amount of chemical fertilizers can be used to obtain an adequate yield. The use of pepper residues as an organic amendment improved biochemical properties of the soil with positive effects on broccoli quality and had no negative impact on yield.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Large application rates of pepper residues increased microbial biomass carbon compared with the control.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Treatment
- large application rates of CRe1
- Outcome
- microbial biomass carbone1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e1“The results show that large application rates of CR increased microbial biomass carbon ( MBC ) and arylesterase and β‐glucosidase activities compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Large application rates of pepper residues increased arylesterase and β‐glucosidase activities compared with the control.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- large application rates of CRe1
- Outcome
- arylesterase and β‐glucosidase activitiese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e1“The results show that large application rates of CR increased microbial biomass carbon ( MBC ) and arylesterase and β‐glucosidase activities compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial biomass carbon increased for the CF treatment only at the greatest application rate.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- CF treatmente2
- Outcome
- MBCe2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Qualifier
- greatest application ratee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e2“There was a significant increase in MBC for the CF treatment only with the greatest application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
No differences in soil organic carbon composition and structure were found between treatments.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon composition and structuree3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e3“No differences in soil organic carbon composition and structure were found between treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil carboxylic region of the spectra correlated positively with soil organic C and biochemical activities in surface soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- soil carboxylic regione4
- Direction
- correlated positivelye4
- Setting
- surface soile2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e2“to characterize the organic composition of added residues and surface soil”
e4“correlated positively with the soil carboxylic region and negatively with the aromatic region of the spectra”
Claim · model-written summary
Aromatic region of the spectra correlated negatively with soil organic C and biochemical activities in surface soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- aromatic regione4
- Direction
- negativelye4
- Setting
- surface soile2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e2“to characterize the organic composition of added residues and surface soil”
e4“correlated positively with the soil carboxylic region and negatively with the aromatic region of the spectra”
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli yield was significantly higher in the second crop cycle.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Outcome
- Broccoli yielde5
- Direction
- significantly moree5
- Setting
- second crop cyclee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e5“Broccoli yield was significantly more for the second crop cycle with maximum values for the greatest application rates of CF and CR”
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli yield reached maximum values at the greatest application rates of CF and CR.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- greatest application rates of CF and CRe5
- Outcome
- yielde5
- Direction
- maximum valuese5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e5“Broccoli yield was significantly more for the second crop cycle with maximum values for the greatest application rates of CF and CR”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop residues with a minimum amount of chemical fertilizers can be used to obtain an adequate broccoli yield.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- crop residues with a minimum amount of chemical fertilizerse6
- Outcome
- adequate yielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e6“crop residues with a minimum amount of chemical fertilizers can be used to obtain an adequate yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper residues as an organic amendment improved biochemical properties of the soil.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- use of pepper residues as an organic amendmente7
- Outcome
- biochemical properties of the soile7
- Direction
- improvede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e7“The use of pepper residues as an organic amendment improved biochemical properties of the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper residues as an organic amendment had positive effects on broccoli quality.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- use of pepper residues as an organic amendmente7
- Outcome
- broccoli qualitye7
- Direction
- positive effectse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e7“The use of pepper residues as an organic amendment improved biochemical properties of the soil with positive effects on broccoli quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Pepper residues as an organic amendment had no negative impact on broccoli yield.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- use of pepper residues as an organic amendmente7
- Outcome
- yielde7
- Direction
- no negative impacte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“broccoli production”
e7“The use of pepper residues as an organic amendment improved biochemical properties of the soil with positive effects on broccoli quality and had no negative impact on yield”
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See all 24 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.