Abstract
Arsenic poisoning affects millions of people worldwide. Human arsenic intake from rice consumption can be substantial because rice is particularly efficient in assimilating arsenic from paddy soils, although the mechanism has not been elucidated. Here we report that two different types of transporters mediate transport of arsenite, the predominant form of arsenic in paddy soil, from the external medium to the xylem. Transporters belonging to the NIP subfamily of aquaporins in rice are permeable to arsenite but not to arsenate. Mutation in OsNIP2;1 (Lsi1, a silicon influx transporter) significantly decreases arsenite uptake. Furthermore, in the rice mutants defective in the silicon efflux transporter Lsi2, arsenite transport to the xylem and accumulation in shoots and grain decreased greatly. Mutation in Lsi2 had a much greater impact on arsenic accumulation in shoots and grain in field-grown rice than Lsi1. Arsenite transport in rice roots therefore shares the same highly efficient pathway as silicon, which explains why rice is efficient in arsenic accumulation. Our results provide insight into the uptake mechanism of arsenite in rice and strategies for reducing arsenic accumulation in grain for enhanced food safety.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Two types of transporters mediate transport of arsenite from the external medium to the xylem in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- transport of arsenitee1
- Qualifier
- from the external medium to the xyleme1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transporters of arsenite in rice”
e1“two different types of transporters mediate transport of arsenite, the predominant form of arsenic in paddy soil, from the external medium to the xylem”
Claim · model-written summary
NIP subfamily aquaporins in rice are permeable to arsenite but not to arsenate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Gene
- NIP subfamily of aquaporinse2
- Outcome
- permeable to arsenitee2
- Qualifier
- but not to arsenatee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Transporters belonging to the NIP subfamily of aquaporins in rice are permeable to arsenite but not to arsenate”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation in OsNIP2;1 significantly decreases arsenite uptake in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Mutation in OsNIP2;1e3
- Gene
- OsNIP2;1e3
- Outcome
- arsenite uptakee3
- Direction
- decreasese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Transporters of arsenite in rice”
e3“Mutation in OsNIP2;1 (Lsi1, a silicon influx transporter) significantly decreases arsenite uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice mutants defective in the silicon efflux transporter Lsi2 showed greatly decreased arsenite transport to the xylem and accumulation in shoots and grain.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae4
- Treatment
- rice mutants defective in the silicon efflux transporter Lsi2e4
- Gene
- Lsi2e4
- Outcome
- arsenite transport to the xylem and accumulation in shoots and graine4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“in the rice mutants defective in the silicon efflux transporter Lsi2, arsenite transport to the xylem and accumulation in shoots and grain decreased greatly”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation in Lsi2 had a greater impact on arsenic accumulation in shoots and grain of field-grown rice than mutation in Lsi1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Treatment
- Mutation in Lsi2e5
- Gene
- Lsi2e5
- Outcome
- arsenic accumulation in shoots and graine5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Comparator
- Lsi1e5
- Setting
- field-growne5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Mutation in Lsi2 had a much greater impact on arsenic accumulation in shoots and grain in field-grown rice than Lsi1”
Claim · model-written summary
Arsenite transport in rice roots shares the same highly efficient pathway as silicon, which explains why rice accumulates arsenic efficiently.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae6
- Organ / stage
- rice rootse6
- Compound
- silicone6
- Outcome
- arsenic accumulatione6
- Qualifier
- shares the same highly efficient pathway as silicone6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Arsenite transport in rice roots therefore shares the same highly efficient pathway as silicon, which explains why rice is efficient in arsenic accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing arsenic accumulation in rice grain is recommended as a strategy for food safety.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Outcome
- arsenic accumulation in graine7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Our results provide insight into the uptake mechanism of arsenite in rice and strategies for reducing arsenic accumulation in grain for enhanced food safety”
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See all 71 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.