Abstract
The field experiments were conducted to compare the alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) with and without black plastic mulch (BPM) with full root-zone irrigation (FRI) in furrow-irrigated okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) at Bhubaneswar, India. APRI means that one of the two neighbouring furrows was alternately irrigated during consecutive watering. FRI was the conventional method where every furrow was irrigated during each watering. The used irrigation levels were 25% available soil moisture depletion (ASMD), 50% ASMD, and 75% ASMD. The plant growth and yield parameters were observed to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher with frequent irrigation (at 25% ASMD) under all irrigation strategies. However, APRI + BPM produced the maximum plant growth and yield using 22% and 56% less water over APRI without BPM and FRI, respectively. The highest pod yield (10025 kg ha-1) was produced under APRI at 25% ASMD + BPM, which was statistically at par with the pod yield under APRI at 50% ASMD + BPM. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), which indicates the pod yield per unit quantity of irrigation water, was estimated to be highest (12.3 kg m-3) under APRI at 50% ASMD + BPM, followed by APRI at 25% ASMD + BPM. Moreover, the treatment APRI at 50% ASMD + BPM was found economically superior to other treatments, generating more net return (US $ 952 ha-1) with higher benefit–cost ratio (1.70).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Frequent irrigation at 25% ASMD significantly raised growth and yield under all irrigation strategies.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentust0 - Treatment
- frequent irrigation (at 25% ASMD)e0
- Outcome
- plant growth and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Setting
- Bhubaneswar, Indiae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The plant growth and yield parameters were observed to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher with frequent irrigation (at 25% ASMD) under all irrigation strategies.”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
e1“at Bhubaneswar, India”
Claim · model-written summary
APRI with black plastic mulch produced maximum plant growth with less water than unmulched APRI and FRI.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI + BPMe0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- APRI without BPM and FRIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“APRI + BPM produced the maximum plant growth and yield using 22% and 56% less water over APRI without BPM and FRI, respectively.”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
APRI with black plastic mulch produced maximum yield.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI + BPMe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- APRI without BPM and FRIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“APRI + BPM produced the maximum plant growth and yield using 22% and 56% less water over APRI without BPM and FRI, respectively.”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
APRI with mulch used 22% less water than unmulched APRI.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI + BPMe0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Comparator
- APRI without BPMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“APRI + BPM produced the maximum plant growth and yield using 22% and 56% less water over APRI without BPM and FRI, respectively.”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
APRI with mulch used 56% less water than FRI.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI + BPMe0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 56%e0
- Comparator
- FRIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“APRI + BPM produced the maximum plant growth and yield using 22% and 56% less water over APRI without BPM and FRI, respectively.”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
APRI at 25% ASMD with mulch gave the highest pod yield, 10025 kg ha-1, statistically at par with APRI at 50% ASMD with mulch.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI at 25% ASMD + BPMe0
- Outcome
- pod yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 10025 kg ha-1e0
- Comparator
- APRI at 50% ASMD + BPMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest pod yield (10025 kg ha-1) was produced under APRI at 25% ASMD + BPM, which was statistically at par with the pod yield under APRI at 50% ASMD + BPM.”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation water use efficiency was highest at 12.3 kg m-3 under APRI at 50% ASMD with mulch.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI at 50% ASMD + BPMe0
- Outcome
- Irrigation water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 12.3 kg m-3e0
- Comparator
- APRI at 25% ASMD + BPMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), which indicates the pod yield per unit quantity of irrigation water, was estimated to be highest (12.3 kg m-3) under APRI at 50% ASMD + BPM, followed by APRI at 25% ASMD + BPM.”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
APRI at 50% ASMD with mulch was economically superior and gave US $ 952 ha-1 net return.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI at 50% ASMD + BPMe0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- US $ 952 ha-1e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment APRI at 50% ASMD + BPM was found economically superior to other treatments, generating more net return (US $ 952 ha-1) with higher benefit–cost ratio (1.70).”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
APRI at 50% ASMD with mulch gave a higher benefit–cost ratio of 1.70.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- APRI at 50% ASMD + BPMe0
- Outcome
- benefit–cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.70e0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment APRI at 50% ASMD + BPM was found economically superior to other treatments, generating more net return (US $ 952 ha-1) with higher benefit–cost ratio (1.70).”
t0“okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)”
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