Abstract
Although key determinative events of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis are likely to precede bacterial infection, no plant genes have been identified that are expressed strongly prior to infection and nodule morphogenesis. A subtractive hybridization-polymerase chain reaction technique was used to enrich for genes induced during the early phases of the R. meliloti-Medicago truncatula symbiosis. One gene so identified encodes a putative plant peroxidase protein, which we have named Rip1 for Rhizobium-induced peroxidase. The accumulation of rip1 transcript was rapidly and transiently induced by R. meliloti and by the corresponding lipooligosaccharide signal molecule Nod factor RmIV, which was both necessary and sufficient for rip1 induction. The duration of maximal rip1 expression coincided with the preinfection period: transcript levels for rip1 were near maximal by 3 hr postinoculation and declined by 48 hr, coincident with early infection events and the onset of nodule morphogenesis. Furthermore, although rip1 induction preceded bacterial infection by at least 24 hr, the transcript was localized to epidermal cells in the differentiating root zone that was subsequently infected by Rhizobium. Thus, a defining feature of the Rhizobium infection court is the prior induction of rip1 expression.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
An early symbiosis-induced gene encodes a putative plant peroxidase named Rip1.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatulat0 - Gene
- Rip1e0
- Outcome
- encodes a putative plant peroxidase proteine0
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“One gene so identified encodes a putative plant peroxidase protein, which we have named Rip1 for Rhizobium-induced peroxidase”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
R. meliloti rapidly and transiently induced rip1 transcript accumulation.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- R. melilotie0
- Interactor
- R. meliloti
Sinorhizobium melilotie0symbiont - Gene
- rip1e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of rip1 transcripte0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of rip1 transcript was rapidly and transiently induced by R. meliloti”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
Nod factor RmIV rapidly and transiently induced rip1 transcript accumulation.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- Nod factor RmIVe0
- Gene
- rip1e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of rip1 transcripte0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of rip1 transcript was rapidly and transiently induced by R. meliloti and by the corresponding lipooligosaccharide signal molecule Nod factor RmIV, which was both necessary and sufficient for rip1 induction”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
Nod factor RmIV was necessary for rip1 induction.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- Nod factor RmIVe0
- Gene
- rip1e0
- Outcome
- rip1 inductione0
- Qualifier
- necessarye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nod factor RmIV, which was both necessary and sufficient for rip1 induction”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
Nod factor RmIV was sufficient for rip1 induction.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Treatment
- Nod factor RmIVe0
- Gene
- rip1e0
- Outcome
- rip1 inductione0
- Qualifier
- sufficiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nod factor RmIV, which was both necessary and sufficient for rip1 induction”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
rip1 transcript levels approached maximum by 3 hr postinoculation.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Gene
- rip1e0
- Outcome
- transcript levelse0
- Direction
- near maximale0
- Value
- 3 hre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transcript levels for rip1 were near maximal by 3 hr postinoculation”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
rip1 transcript levels declined by 48 hr.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Gene
- rip1e1
- Outcome
- transcript levelse1
- Direction
- declinede0
- Value
- 48 hre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“declined by 48 hr, coincident with early infection events and the onset of nodule morphogenesis”
e1“transcript levels for rip1 were near maximal by 3 hr postinoculation”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
rip1 induction preceded bacterial infection by at least 24 hr.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Gene
- rip1e0
- Outcome
- rip1 induction preceded bacterial infectione0
- Value
- at least 24 hre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rip1 induction preceded bacterial infection by at least 24 hr”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
Claim · model-written summary
rip1 transcript localized to epidermal cells in the differentiating root zone subsequently infected by Rhizobium.
- Taxon
- Medicago truncatulaMedicago truncatulat0
- Organ / stage
- epidermal cells in the differentiating root zonee0
- Gene
- rip1e1
- Outcome
- transcript was localized to epidermal cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcript was localized to epidermal cells in the differentiating root zone that was subsequently infected by Rhizobium”
e1“rip1 induction preceded bacterial infection by at least 24 hr”
t0“Medicago truncatula”
The same questions in other papers
nodulation factor · molecular: expression · Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- no effect
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Sinorhizobium meliloti · molecular: expression · Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.