Abstract
Hamill, J. E., J. E. Thomas, L.-T. Ou, L. H. Allen, Jr., N. Kokalis-Burelle, and D. W. Dickson. 2008. Effects of reduced rates of Telone C35 and methyl bromide in conjunction with virtually impermeable film on weeds and root-knot nematodes. Nematropica 38:37-46. Two field trials were conducted in Florida in 2004 to test the efficacy of reduced rates of the fumigants methyl bromide (67% methyl bromide plus 33% chloropicrin) and Telone C35 (1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), 65% plus chloropicrin 35%) in combination with virtually impermeable film (VIF) and standard low density polyethylene (LDPE) film. In spring grown tomato, reducing rates of methyl bromide by 25% under VIF provided comparable control to full rates with regard to nutsedge (mixture of purple and yellow). All fumigants performed better with regard to nutsedge control under VIF than under LDPE. Root-galling, caused by Meloidogyne spp. juveniles (J2) in soil, and marketable yields in reduced rates of methyl bromide were also similar to the full rate regardless of film type. Plots treated with Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIF reduced nutsedge densities, had lower gall ratings, and had higher marketable yields than nontreated plots, but were not comparable to methyl bromide. Reducing rates of Telone C35 by 25 and 50% had negative impacts on yield compared to all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha, regardless of film type. In double-cropped cucumber, none of the treatments had gall-ratings different than nontreated plots. In autumn grown squash, all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 treatments had higher marketable yields and lower gall ratings than nontreated plots. Plots treated with Telone C35 using VIF had the lowest nutsedge densities. All methyl bromide treatments under VIF had lower nutsedge densities than nontreated plots. Plots that were treated with chloropicrin or chloropicrin plus metam potassium as an in-bed treatment had higher nutsedge densities than nontreated plots.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced methyl bromide under VIF gave comparable nutsedge control to the full rate in spring tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- reducing rates of methyl bromide by 25% under VIFe0
- Interactor
- nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- full ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In spring grown tomato, reducing rates of methyl bromide by 25% under VIF provided comparable control to full rates with regard to nutsedge (mixture of purple and yellow).”
Claim · model-written summary
All fumigants controlled nutsedge better under VIF than LDPE.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- All fumigantse0
- Interactor
- nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- nutsedge controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- LDPEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All fumigants performed better with regard to nutsedge control under VIF than under LDPE.”
e1“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced methyl bromide gave similar root galling to full rate regardless of film.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- reduced rates of methyl bromidee0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee0pathogen - Outcome
- Root-gallinge0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- regardless of film typee0
- Comparator
- the full ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Root-galling, caused by Meloidogyne spp. juveniles (J2) in soil, and marketable yields in reduced rates of methyl bromide were also similar to the full rate regardless of film type.”
e1“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced methyl bromide gave similar marketable yields to full rate regardless of film.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- reduced rates of methyl bromidee0
- Outcome
- marketable yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- regardless of film typee0
- Comparator
- the full ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root-galling, caused by Meloidogyne spp. juveniles (J2) in soil, and marketable yields in reduced rates of methyl bromide were also similar to the full rate regardless of film type.”
e1“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha with VIF reduced nutsedge densities against untreated plots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIFe0
- Interactor
- nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- nutsedge densitiese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- nontreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIF reduced nutsedge densities, had lower gall ratings, and had higher marketable yields than nontreated plots”
e1“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha with VIF lowered gall ratings against untreated plots.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIFe0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.Meloidogynee1pathogen
- Outcome
- gall ratingse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nontreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIF reduced nutsedge densities, had lower gall ratings, and had higher marketable yields than nontreated plots”
e1“Root-galling, caused by Meloidogyne spp. juveniles (J2) in soil”
e2“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha with VIF raised marketable yield against untreated plots, though it was not comparable to methyl bromide.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIFe0
- Outcome
- marketable yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- not comparable to methyl bromidee0
- Comparator
- nontreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha in conjunction with VIF reduced nutsedge densities, had lower gall ratings, and had higher marketable yields than nontreated plots, but were not comparable to methyl bromide.”
e1“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing Telone C35 by 25% lowered tomato yield relative to methyl bromide treatments and full Telone C35 regardless of film.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Reducing rates of Telone C35 by 25e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- negative impactse0
- Qualifier
- regardless of film typee0
- Comparator
- all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 at 327 liters/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reducing rates of Telone C35 by 25 and 50% had negative impacts on yield compared to all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha, regardless of film type.”
e1“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing Telone C35 by 50% lowered tomato yield relative to methyl bromide treatments and full Telone C35 regardless of film.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Telone C35 by 25 and 50%e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- negative impactse0
- Qualifier
- regardless of film typee0
- Comparator
- all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 at 327 liters/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reducing rates of Telone C35 by 25 and 50% had negative impacts on yield compared to all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 at 327 liters/ha, regardless of film type.”
e1“In spring grown tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments did not differ from untreated plots in gall ratings for double-cropped cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- none of the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- gall-ratingse0
- Direction
- differente0
- Comparator
- nontreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In double-cropped cucumber, none of the treatments had gall-ratings different than nontreated plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl bromide treatments increased marketable yield in autumn squash relative to untreated plots.
Verbatim
e0“In autumn grown squash, all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 treatments had higher marketable yields and lower gall ratings than nontreated plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Telone C35 treatments increased marketable yield in autumn squash relative to untreated plots.
Verbatim
e0“In autumn grown squash, all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 treatments had higher marketable yields and lower gall ratings than nontreated plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl bromide treatments lowered gall ratings in autumn squash relative to untreated plots.
Verbatim
e0“In autumn grown squash, all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 treatments had higher marketable yields and lower gall ratings than nontreated plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Telone C35 treatments lowered gall ratings in autumn squash relative to untreated plots.
Verbatim
e0“In autumn grown squash, all methyl bromide treatments and Telone C35 treatments had higher marketable yields and lower gall ratings than nontreated plots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Telone C35 under VIF yielded the lowest nutsedge densities in autumn squash.
- Taxon
- squashe1
- Treatment
- Telone C35 using VIFe0
- Interactor
- nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- nutsedge densitiese0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Plots treated with Telone C35 using VIF had the lowest nutsedge densities.”
e1“In autumn grown squash”
Claim · model-written summary
Methyl bromide treatments under VIF lowered nutsedge densities in autumn squash relative to untreated plots.
Verbatim
e0“All methyl bromide treatments under VIF had lower nutsedge densities than nontreated plots.”
e1“In autumn grown squash”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloropicrin treatment raised nutsedge densities in autumn squash relative to untreated plots.
Verbatim
e0“Plots that were treated with chloropicrin or chloropicrin plus metam potassium as an in-bed treatment had higher nutsedge densities than nontreated plots.”
e1“In autumn grown squash”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloropicrin plus metam potassium in-bed treatment raised nutsedge densities in autumn squash relative to untreated plots.
Verbatim
e0“Plots that were treated with chloropicrin or chloropicrin plus metam potassium as an in-bed treatment had higher nutsedge densities than nontreated plots.”
e1“In autumn grown squash”
The same questions in other papers
bromomethane · Meloidogyne · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
bromomethane · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.