Abstract
Regulation of secondary (woody) growth is of substantial economic and environmental interest but is poorly understood. We identified and subsequently characterized an activation-tagged poplar (Populus tremula × Populus alba) mutant with enhanced woody growth and changes in bark texture caused primarily by increased secondary phloem production. Molecular characterization of the mutation through positioning of the tag and retransformation experiments shows that the phenotype is conditioned by activation of an uncharacterized gene that encodes a novel member of the LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (LBD) family of transcription factors. Homology analysis showed highest similarity to an uncharacterized LBD1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, and we consequently named it Populus tremula × Populus alba (Pta) LBD1. Dominant-negative suppression of Pta LBD1 via translational fusion with the repressor SRDX domain caused decreased diameter growth and suppressed and highly irregular phloem development. In wild-type plants, LBD1 was most highly expressed in the phloem and cambial zone. Two key Class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox genes that promote meristem identity in the cambium were downregulated, while an Altered Phloem Development gene that is known to promote phloem differentiation was upregulated in the mutant. A set of four LBD genes, including the LBD1 gene, was predominantly expressed in wood-forming tissues, suggesting a broader regulatory role of these transcription factors during secondary woody growth in poplar.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
An activation-tagged poplar mutant had enhanced woody growth.
- Material
- activation-tagged poplar (Populus tremula × Populus alba) mutante0
- Outcome
- woody growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activation-tagged poplar (Populus tremula × Populus alba) mutant with enhanced woody growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The poplar mutant had altered bark texture, mainly due to increased secondary phloem production.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poplar (Populus tremula × Populus alba) mutant with enhanced woody growth and changes in bark texture caused primarily by increased secondary phloem production”
Claim · model-written summary
Activation of a novel LBD transcription factor gene conditioned the poplar mutant phenotype.
- Gene
- LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (LBD)e0
- Outcome
- phenotypee0
- Qualifier
- activation of an uncharacterized genee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Populus”
e0“the phenotype is conditioned by activation of an uncharacterized gene that encodes a novel member of the LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (LBD) family of transcription factors”
Claim · model-written summary
The poplar gene had highest similarity to Arabidopsis LBD1 and was named Pta LBD1.
- Taxon
- Populus tremula × Populus alba
Populus tremula ×Populus albae0 - Gene
- (Pta) LBD1e0
- Outcome
- highest similarity to an uncharacterized LBD1 gene from Arabidopsis thalianae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Homology analysis showed highest similarity to an uncharacterized LBD1 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, and we consequently named it Populus tremula × Populus alba (Pta) LBD1”
Claim · model-written summary
Dominant-negative suppression of Pta LBD1 decreased poplar diameter growth.
- Treatment
- Dominant-negative suppression of Pta LBD1e0
- Gene
- Pta LBD1e0
- Outcome
- diameter growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Populus”
e0“Dominant-negative suppression of Pta LBD1 via translational fusion with the repressor SRDX domain caused decreased diameter growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Dominant-negative suppression of Pta LBD1 suppressed and disrupted poplar phloem development.
- Treatment
- Dominant-negative suppression of Pta LBD1e0
- Gene
- Pta LBD1e0
- Outcome
- phloem developmente0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Populus”
e0“Dominant-negative suppression of Pta LBD1 via translational fusion with the repressor SRDX domain caused decreased diameter growth and suppressed and highly irregular phloem development”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type poplar LBD1 was most highly expressed in phloem and cambial zone.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Populus”
e0“In wild-type plants, LBD1 was most highly expressed in the phloem and cambial zone”
Claim · model-written summary
Two Class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox genes were downregulated in the poplar mutant.
- Gene
- Class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox genese0
- Outcome
- Class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox genese0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
- Value
- Twoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Populus”
e0“Two key Class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox genes that promote meristem identity in the cambium were downregulated”
Claim · model-written summary
An Altered Phloem Development gene was upregulated in the poplar mutant.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Populus”
e0“an Altered Phloem Development gene that is known to promote phloem differentiation was upregulated in the mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Four LBD genes were predominantly expressed in poplar wood-forming tissue.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A set of four LBD genes, including the LBD1 gene, was predominantly expressed in wood-forming tissues, suggesting a broader regulatory role of these transcription factors during secondary woody growth in poplar”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · growth · Populus (poplar)Positive and negative results
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See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.