Abstract
SUMMARY Loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) seedlings from two families differing in ozone sensitivity, were exposed to ozone and acidic precipitation in modified open‐top chambers, beginning in May of 1988. Visible injury (bleached needle tips) occurred after a late‐season frost in April, 1989 on newly emerging (length 5 cm) needles. After one week, needle tips turned brown and necrotic. Incidence of injury was recorded in April, May and June, 1989. Injury only occurred on trees exposed to ozone at above‐ambient concentrations (1.7 and 2.5 × ambient), and was significantly greater in the ozone‐sensitive family (GAKR 15‐91) suggesting that this response is under some genetic control. Incidence of injury decreased with time and was more noticeable in the ozone‐tolerant family (GAKR 15‐23). There was no effect of acid rain, or interaction between ozone and acid rain, revealed by visible injury. In addition, experiments were conducted to determine if ozone and/or freezing temperatures enhanced electrolyte leakage. There were no differences observed in diffusate conductivity among treatments. These findings suggest that the observed injury was due to photo‐oxidation induced by an ozone‐low temperature interaction, and represent the first report of this type of injury in loblolly pine.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Needle tip injury followed a late season frost and progressed to necrosis.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pine
Pinus taedat0 - Organ / stage
- needlese0
- Outcome
- Visible injury (bleached needle tips)e0
- Qualifier
- late‐season froste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Visible injury (bleached needle tips) occurred after a late‐season frost in April, 1989 on newly emerging (length 5 cm) needles. After one week, needle tips turned brown and necrotic”
t0“Loblolly pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Injury occurred only above ambient ozone.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- ozone at above‐ambient concentrations (1.7 and 2.5 × ambient)e0
- Outcome
- Injurye0
- Comparator
- ambiente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injury only occurred on trees exposed to ozone at above‐ambient concentrations (1.7 and 2.5 × ambient)”
t0“Loblolly pine”
Claim · model-written summary
The ozone sensitive family had significantly more injury.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pinePinus taedat0
- Material
- GAKR 15‐91e0
- Outcome
- Injurye0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injury only occurred on trees exposed to ozone at above‐ambient concentrations (1.7 and 2.5 × ambient), and was significantly greater in the ozone‐sensitive family (GAKR 15‐91)”
t0“Loblolly pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Injury incidence declined with time, especially in the tolerant family.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pinePinus taedat0
- Material
- GAKR 15‐23e0
- Outcome
- Incidence of injurye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incidence of injury decreased with time and was more noticeable in the ozone‐tolerant family (GAKR 15‐23)”
t0“Loblolly pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid rain had no visible injury effect.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- acid raine0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no effect of acid rain, or interaction between ozone and acid rain, revealed by visible injury”
t0“Loblolly pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone and acid rain showed no interaction in visible injury.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- ozone and acid raine0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no effect of acid rain, or interaction between ozone and acid rain, revealed by visible injury”
t0“Loblolly pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Diffusate conductivity did not differ among treatments.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pinePinus taedat0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- diffusate conductivitye0
- Direction
- no differencese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no differences observed in diffusate conductivity among treatments”
t0“Loblolly pine”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest photo oxidation from an ozone and low temperature interaction caused injury.
- Taxon
- Loblolly pinePinus taedat0
- Outcome
- observed injurye0
- Qualifier
- photo‐oxidation induced by an ozone‐low temperature interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“observed injury was due to photo‐oxidation induced by an ozone‐low temperature interaction”
t0“Loblolly pine”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · crop injury · Pinus taeda (loblolly pine)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
rainfall · crop injury · Pinus taeda (loblolly pine)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.