Paper · 2014 · Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science

Direct and Residual Effect of FYM and Zinc Levels on Yield, Zn Uptake and Available Zn in Rice-Wheat Sequence on a Vertisol

P. S. Kulhare; G. D. Sharma; Bhawana Sharma; et al.

10
claims
11
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted on a Vertisol at research farm of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur to study the effect of different levels of farmyard manure (FYM) (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 t ha−1) and zinc (Zn) (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 kg ha−1) in rice variety JR 201 and wheat variety GW 273 in rice-wheat cropping sequence during 2003–04 to 2006–07. The FYM levels were applied to rice crop during 2003, 2005 and 2006. The Zn levels were applied only once to first rice crop during 2003. The residual effect of FYM and Zn levels was observed in succeeding wheat and rice crops. Application of 5 and 10 t FYM ha−1 and its residual effect, in general, significantly increased the grain yield of rice, Zn uptake by rice and wheat, and available Zn in post-harvest soils after rice and wheat over control. However, the residual effect of 10 t FYM ha−1 significantly increased the wheat grain yield over control. Application of 5 and 10 kg Zn ha−1 and its residual effect significantly increased the rice grain yield for two and four year, respectively and Zn uptake by rice and wheat as well as post-harvest available Zn after rice and wheat over control during all the years. The residual effect of 10 kg Zn ha−1 significantly increased the wheat grain yield over control for four years. The interaction between FYM and Zn levels was found to be non-significant for yield, Zn uptake by rice and wheat and available Zn after harvest of rice and wheat.

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Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Five and ten t FYM per hectare increased rice grain yield.

Treatment
5 and 10 t FYM ha−1e0
Outcome
grain yield of ricee0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of 5 and 10 t FYM ha−1 and its residual effect, in general, significantly increased the grain yield of rice, Zn uptake by rice and wheat, and available Zn in post-harvest soils after rice and wheat over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–807 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Five and ten t FYM per hectare increased Zn uptake by rice.

Treatment
5 and 10 t FYM ha−1e0
Outcome
Zn uptake by ricee0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of 5 and 10 t FYM ha−1 and its residual effect, in general, significantly increased the grain yield of rice, Zn uptake by rice and wheat, and available Zn in post-harvest soils after rice and wheat over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–807 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Residual FYM increased Zn uptake by wheat.

Treatment
its residual effecte0
Outcome
Zn uptake by rice and wheate0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of 5 and 10 t FYM ha−1 and its residual effect, in general, significantly increased the grain yield of rice, Zn uptake by rice and wheat, and available Zn in post-harvest soils after rice and wheat over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–807 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

FYM increased postharvest soil available Zn after rice and wheat.

Treatment
5 and 10 t FYM ha−1e0
Outcome
available Zn in post-harvest soils after rice and wheate0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of 5 and 10 t FYM ha−1 and its residual effect, in general, significantly increased the grain yield of rice, Zn uptake by rice and wheat, and available Zn in post-harvest soils after rice and wheat over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–807 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Residual ten t FYM per hectare increased wheat grain yield.

Treatment
residual effect of 10 t FYM ha−1e0
Outcome
wheat grain yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“residual effect of 10 t FYM ha−1 significantly increased the wheat grain yield over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 822–913 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Five and ten kg Zn per hectare increased rice grain yield for two and four years respectively.

Treatment
5 and 10 kg Zn ha−1e0
Outcome
rice grain yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
two and four year, respectivelye0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of 5 and 10 kg Zn ha−1 and its residual effect significantly increased the rice grain yield for two and four year, respectively and Zn uptake by rice and wheat as well as post-harvest available Zn after rice and wheat over control during all the years”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 915–1178 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc application increased Zn uptake in rice and wheat.

Treatment
5 and 10 kg Zn ha−1e0
Outcome
Zn uptake by rice and wheate0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of 5 and 10 kg Zn ha−1 and its residual effect significantly increased the rice grain yield for two and four year, respectively and Zn uptake by rice and wheat as well as post-harvest available Zn after rice and wheat over control during all the years”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 915–1178 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc application increased postharvest available Zn after rice and wheat.

Treatment
5 and 10 kg Zn ha−1e0
Outcome
post-harvest available Zn after rice and wheate0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of 5 and 10 kg Zn ha−1 and its residual effect significantly increased the rice grain yield for two and four year, respectively and Zn uptake by rice and wheat as well as post-harvest available Zn after rice and wheat over control during all the years”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 915–1178 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Residual ten kg Zn per hectare increased wheat grain yield for four years.

Treatment
residual effect of 10 kg Zn ha−1e0
Outcome
wheat grain yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
four yearse0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“residual effect of 10 kg Zn ha−1 significantly increased the wheat grain yield over control for four years”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1184–1290 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The FYM by Zn interaction was non significant for yield, uptake and soil Zn.

Taxon
Rice-Wheatt0
Treatment
FYM and Zn levelse0
Outcome
yield, Zn uptake by rice and wheat and available Zn after harvest of rice and wheate0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t0

“Rice-Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 90–100 · show in text ↑
e0

“interaction between FYM and Zn levels was found to be non-significant for yield, Zn uptake by rice and wheat and available Zn after harvest of rice and wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1296–1453 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

276 papers: 254 positive, 22 negative or no effect

253 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

272 papers more in this group

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zinc atom · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

419 papers: 389 positive, 30 negative or no effect

388 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

415 papers more in this group

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zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

511 papers: 456 positive, 55 negative or no effect

455 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

507 papers more in this group

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fertilization · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

993 papers: 932 positive, 61 negative or no effect

931 papers in the same direction as this paper · 56 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

989 papers more in this group

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fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

3,438 papers: 3,115 positive, 323 negative or no effect

3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

3,434 papers more in this group

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fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

3,455 papers: 3,183 positive, 272 negative or no effect

3,182 papers in the same direction as this paper · 207 in the opposite direction · 65 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

3,451 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.