Abstract
Competition for nutrition can be defined as active demand by crops, such as maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds for some soil nutritions, such as phosphorus (P) in short supply. In order to evaluate the role of phosphorus on maize competitiveness with weeds, a two years field study was conducted in Pakdasht, Tehran Iran, during 2011-2012 growing seasons. Treatments were consisted weed control in two levels: weedy (+velvetleaf) and weed-free and phosphorous rate in five levels: 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg. as triple superphosphate. The results showed that P fertilization enhanced plant height, leaf area index, grain number, thousand grain weight, grain and biological yield, as well as plant height and biomass of velvetleaf in pure culture. However, velvetleaf height and leaf area reduced in the higher P rates under intercrop with maize. Present of velvetleaf had negative effect of maize growth and yield in the lower P rates; whereas velvetleaf present in the higher P rates had no significant effect on maize growth. This implied that P fertilization enhanced competition ability of maize with velvetleaf; which might be due to increasing effect of P on maize height that could suppress velvetleaf. Overall, for better competition with weeds such as velvetleaf and lower cost P fertilization at 300 kg ha -1
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization enhanced maize plant height and leaf area index.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e1“P fertilization enhanced plant height, leaf area index, grain number, thousand grain weight, grain and biological yield, as well as plant height and biomass of velvetleaf in pure culture”
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization enhanced maize grain number, thousand grain weight, and grain and biological yield.
- Treatment
- P fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- grain number, thousand grain weight, grain and biological yielde1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e1“P fertilization enhanced plant height, leaf area index, grain number, thousand grain weight, grain and biological yield, as well as plant height and biomass of velvetleaf in pure culture”
Claim · model-written summary
Under intercrop with maize, velvetleaf height and leaf area were reduced at higher P rates.
- Treatment
- higher P ratese2
- Interactor
- velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastie2weed - Outcome
- velvetleaf height and leaf areae2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Setting
- intercrop with maizee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e2“velvetleaf height and leaf area reduced in the higher P rates under intercrop with maize”
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
Claim · model-written summary
Presence of velvetleaf had a negative effect on maize growth and yield at lower P rates.
- Treatment
- lower P ratese3
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie3weed
- Outcome
- maize growth and yielde3
- Direction
- negative effecte3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e3“Present of velvetleaf had negative effect of maize growth and yield in the lower P rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvetleaf present at higher P rates had no significant effect on maize growth.
- Treatment
- higher P ratese4
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie4weed
- Outcome
- maize growthe4
- Direction
- no significant effecte4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e4“velvetleaf present in the higher P rates had no significant effect on maize growth”
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization is interpreted by the authors as enhancing competition ability of maize with velvetleaf.
- Treatment
- P fertilizatione5
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie5weed
- Outcome
- competition ability of maize with velvetleafe5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e5“This implied that P fertilization enhanced competition ability of maize with velvetleaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased P effect on maize height may explain suppression of velvetleaf (hypothesis).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e6“which might be due to increasing effect of P on maize height that could suppress velvetleaf”
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization enhanced plant height and biomass of velvetleaf in pure culture.
- Treatment
- P fertilizatione1
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie1weed
- Outcome
- plant height and biomass of velvetleaf in pure culturee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e1“P fertilization enhanced plant height, leaf area index, grain number, thousand grain weight, grain and biological yield, as well as plant height and biomass of velvetleaf in pure culture”
Claim · model-written summary
For better competition with weeds such as velvetleaf, P fertilization at 300 kg ha -1 is recommended as a lower-cost option.
- Outcome
- P fertilization at 300 kg ha -1e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (Zea mays L.) and weeds”
e7“Overall, for better competition with weeds such as velvetleaf and lower cost P fertilization at 300 kg ha -1”
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See all 3,908 papers →fertilization · Abutilon theophrasti · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.