Abstract
Abstract Previous studies have shown that a combination of coal fly ash (10% w/w) and lime (1% w/w) amendment was effective in stabilizing biosolids (ACS) by killing the pathogens and reducing heavy metal availability, and the product contained a high B content. It was, therefore, the aim of the present study to evaluate the suitability of the ACS as a B fertilizer for a degraded acid soil with B deficiency in South China. An acid and B deficient loamy soil was amended with the ACS at application rates of 6.4, 12.7, 25.5, 63.7 and 127.4 mg ha−1, which were then compared to the same soil receiving an equivalent B fertilizer application rates of 0.9, 1.4, 2.2, 4.5 and 8.4 kg ha−1, respectively. Soil hot water soluble B content and pH increased significantly with an increase in the amendment rate of the ACS mixture. Soil amended with the ACS mixture had a significantly higher dry weight yield for both cucumber and corn than the control and its counterparts of soil with B fertilizer. The highest yield was obtained in the treatment with 5% ACS mixture amendment. Boron concentrations in plant tissues increased according to the application rates of the ACS mixture and B fertilizer. Cucumber was more sensitive than corn to both B deficiency and toxicity as indicated by the insignificant effect of B fertilizer application on dry weight yields of corn. The experimental results demonstrated that the ACS mixture at an application rate of ≤ 63.7 mg ha−1 could act as a B fertilizer supplement for the acid loamy soil. Keywords: Coal fly ashboronbiosolidslimecucumbercorn
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Soil hot water soluble boron content increased significantly with the amendment rate of the ACS mixture.
- Taxon
- cucumber and corn
Cucumis sativus
Zea mays subsp. mayse2 - Treatment
- amendment rate of the ACS mixturee1
- Outcome
- Soil hot water soluble B contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soil hot water soluble B content and pH increased significantly with an increase in the amendment rate of the ACS mixture”
e2“Soil amended with the ACS mixture had a significantly higher dry weight yield for both cucumber and corn than the control and its counterparts of soil with B fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber dry weight yield was significantly higher in soil amended with the ACS mixture than in the control.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- ACS mixturee2
- Outcome
- dry weight yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- the controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Soil amended with the ACS mixture had a significantly higher dry weight yield for both cucumber and corn than the control and its counterparts of soil with B fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn dry weight yield was significantly higher in soil amended with the ACS mixture than in the control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- ACS mixturee2
- Outcome
- dry weight yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- the controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Soil amended with the ACS mixture had a significantly higher dry weight yield for both cucumber and corn than the control and its counterparts of soil with B fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest yield was obtained with the 5% ACS mixture amendment.
- Taxon
- cucumber and cornCucumis sativusZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- 5% ACS mixture amendmente3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The highest yield was obtained in the treatment with 5% ACS mixture amendment”
e2“Soil amended with the ACS mixture had a significantly higher dry weight yield for both cucumber and corn than the control and its counterparts of soil with B fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron concentrations in plant tissues increased with the application rates of the ACS mixture and B fertilizer.
- Taxon
- cucumber and cornCucumis sativusZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- application rates of the ACS mixture and B fertilizere4
- Outcome
- Boron concentrations in plant tissuese4
- Direction
- increasede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Boron concentrations in plant tissues increased according to the application rates of the ACS mixture and B fertilizer”
e2“Soil amended with the ACS mixture had a significantly higher dry weight yield for both cucumber and corn than the control and its counterparts of soil with B fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber was more sensitive than corn to both boron deficiency and toxicity.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse5
- Treatment
- B deficiency and toxicitye5
- Outcome
- sensitivee5
- Direction
- more sensitivee5
- Comparator
- corne5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Cucumber was more sensitive than corn to both B deficiency and toxicity as indicated by the insignificant effect of B fertilizer application on dry weight yields of corn”
Claim · model-written summary
B fertilizer application had no significant effect on corn dry weight yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse5
- Treatment
- B fertilizer applicatione5
- Outcome
- dry weight yieldse5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Cucumber was more sensitive than corn to both B deficiency and toxicity as indicated by the insignificant effect of B fertilizer application on dry weight yields of corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The ACS mixture could act as a boron fertilizer supplement for acid loamy soil.
- Taxon
- cucumber and cornCucumis sativusZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- ACS mixturee6
- Outcome
- B fertilizer supplemente7
- Setting
- acid loamy soile7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Soil amended with the ACS mixture had a significantly higher dry weight yield for both cucumber and corn than the control and its counterparts of soil with B fertilizer”
e6“The experimental results demonstrated that the ACS mixture at an application rate of”
e7“could act as a B fertilizer supplement for the acid loamy soil”
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