Abstract
Field and pot studies were conducted in Central New York to determine the potential weed-management benefits of a buckwheat cover crop grown before winter wheat. Specific objectives were to determine buckwheat residue effects on (1) emergence and growth of winter annual weeds; (2) wheat establishment and yield; and (3) emergence of summer annual weeds in the spring following overwinter seed burial. In a field study, buckwheat was sown at two timings (July or August), mowed, and either incorporated or left on the soil surface. Winter wheat was drilled into buckwheat residue in September and weed and crop growth were monitored. In a complementary pot study, four winter annual weeds were sown in soil removed from buckwheat and bare-soil plots at 0 or 15 d after incorporation and monitored for emergence and early growth. To assess buckwheat residue effects on spring emergence from overwintering seeds, seeds of three weed species were buried in buckwheat residue and bare-soil plots in the fall, exhumed in April, and evaluated for emergence. To investigate the mechanism for possible effects of buckwheat residue on overwintering seeds, two levels each of seed treatment (none or fungicide) and fertilization (none or 170 kg ha −1 ) were applied before burial. Buckwheat residue had no negative effect on wheat yields but suppressed emergence (22 to 72%) and growth (0 to 95%) of winter annual weeds, although effects were often small and inconsistent. Buckwheat residue had no effect on the emergence of buried weed seeds in spring. However, fungicide treatment enhanced the emergence of Powell amaranth seeds by 12.5 to 25.5% and of barnyardgrass seeds by 0 to 12%. Our results suggest that buckwheat residue can contribute to weed management in wheat cropping systems, but that further studies investigating the mechanistic basis for the inconsistent selective effects of buckwheat residue on weeds are needed before buckwheat use can be optimized.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat residue did not negatively affect wheat yields.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Buckwheat residuee0
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse0
- Direction
- no negative effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Buckwheat residue had no negative effect on wheat yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat residue suppressed winter annual weed emergence by 22 to 72%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Buckwheat residuee0
- Interactor
- winter annual weedse0weed
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Value
- 22 to 72%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Buckwheat residue had no negative effect on wheat yields but suppressed emergence (22 to 72%) and growth (0 to 95%) of winter annual weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat residue suppressed winter annual weed growth by 0 to 95%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Buckwheat residuee0
- Interactor
- winter annual weedse0weed
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Value
- 0 to 95%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Buckwheat residue had no negative effect on wheat yields but suppressed emergence (22 to 72%) and growth (0 to 95%) of winter annual weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Buckwheat residue did not affect spring emergence of buried weed seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Buckwheat residuee0
- Outcome
- emergence of buried weed seedse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Buckwheat residue had no effect on the emergence of buried weed seeds in spring.”
t0“Buckwheat Residue Effects on Emergence and Growth of Weeds in Winter-Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cropping Systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide increased Powell amaranth seed emergence by 12.5 to 25.5%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide treatmente0
- Interactor
- Powell amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- emergence of Powell amaranth seedse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 12.5 to 25.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicide treatment enhanced the emergence of Powell amaranth seeds by 12.5 to 25.5%”
t0“Buckwheat Residue Effects on Emergence and Growth of Weeds in Winter-Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cropping Systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide increased barnyardgrass seed emergence by 0 to 12%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide treatmente0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrass
Echinochloa crus-gallie0weed - Outcome
- barnyardgrass seedse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 0 to 12%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicide treatment enhanced the emergence of Powell amaranth seeds by 12.5 to 25.5% and of barnyardgrass seeds by 0 to 12%”
t0“Buckwheat Residue Effects on Emergence and Growth of Weeds in Winter-Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cropping Systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest buckwheat residue can contribute to wheat weed management.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- weed managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“buckwheat residue can contribute to weed management in wheat cropping systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend mechanistic study before buckwheat use is optimized.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- buckwheat use can be optimizede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“further studies investigating the mechanistic basis for the inconsistent selective effects of buckwheat residue on weeds are needed before buckwheat use can be optimized”
t0“Buckwheat Residue Effects on Emergence and Growth of Weeds in Winter-Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cropping Systems”
The same questions in other papers
fungicide · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
49 papers more in this group
See all 53 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.