Abstract
Banana requires large amounts of chemical fertilizers which are costly and can be hazardous to the environments when are used excessively. Biological N2 fixation (BNF) technology can play a vital role as substitution to commercially available N-fertilizer in crop production and reduction of environmental problem to some extent. An experiment was conducted in the shade-house of University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia under hydroponics condition using nitrogen-free plant nutrient solution to evaluate the effect of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterial) inoculation on growth and N2 fixation of tissue-cultured banana plantlets under nitrogen (N) free hydroponics condition. The experiment was a completely randomized design with six replicates. There were three treatments viz. T1: (control; N0 -PGPR), T2: (N0 + Sp7) and T3: (N0 + UPMB10). One tissue-cultured banana plantlet (ex-laboratory, about 10-11 cm height of three-leafed stage) cv. 'Berangan' (Musa spp. dessert type) was planted per pot (4.0 L). The results indicated that a remarkable increase in root growth, namely length (33-44%), volume (76-168%) and mass (137-141%) were recorded due to the PGPR inoculation, beside a higher shoot growth (123-202%) and N yield (94-144%). The inoculated plants showed higher formation of root hair which was visible within 7 days of inoculation. The growth attributes namely, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and consequently the total biomass were also increased due to PGPR inoculation. The overall growth performance of inoculated seedlings was higher in compare to un-inoculated control. Thus, it might be concluded that PGPR strains Sp7 and UPMB10 could be used as crop-enhancer and bio-fertilizer for vigor seedling and production of bananas.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased length of banana plantlets by 33-44% relative to uninoculated controls.
- Material
- banana plantletse1
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculatione0
- Outcome
- lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 33-44%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle2
- Setting
- nitrogen-free hydroponics conditiont0
MusaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that a remarkable increase in root growth, namely length (33-44%), volume (76-168%) and mass (137-141%) were recorded due to the PGPR inoculation, beside a higher shoot growth (123-202%) and N yield (94-144%).”
e1“tissue-cultured banana plantlets”
e2“The overall growth performance of inoculated seedlings was higher in compare to un-inoculated control.”
t0“Musa plantlets under nitrogen-free hydroponics condition”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased volume of banana plantlets by 76-168% relative to uninoculated controls.
- Material
- banana plantletse1
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculatione0
- Outcome
- volumee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 76-168%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle2
- Setting
- nitrogen-free hydroponics conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that a remarkable increase in root growth, namely length (33-44%), volume (76-168%) and mass (137-141%) were recorded due to the PGPR inoculation, beside a higher shoot growth (123-202%) and N yield (94-144%).”
e1“tissue-cultured banana plantlets”
e2“The overall growth performance of inoculated seedlings was higher in compare to un-inoculated control.”
t0“Musa plantlets under nitrogen-free hydroponics condition”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased mass of banana plantlets by 137-141% relative to uninoculated controls.
- Material
- banana plantletse1
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculatione0
- Outcome
- masse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 137-141%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle2
- Setting
- nitrogen-free hydroponics conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that a remarkable increase in root growth, namely length (33-44%), volume (76-168%) and mass (137-141%) were recorded due to the PGPR inoculation, beside a higher shoot growth (123-202%) and N yield (94-144%).”
e1“tissue-cultured banana plantlets”
e2“The overall growth performance of inoculated seedlings was higher in compare to un-inoculated control.”
t0“Musa plantlets under nitrogen-free hydroponics condition”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased shoot growth of banana plantlets by 123-202% relative to uninoculated controls.
- Material
- banana plantletse1
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculatione0
- Outcome
- shoot growthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 123-202%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle2
- Setting
- nitrogen-free hydroponics conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that a remarkable increase in root growth, namely length (33-44%), volume (76-168%) and mass (137-141%) were recorded due to the PGPR inoculation, beside a higher shoot growth (123-202%) and N yield (94-144%).”
e1“tissue-cultured banana plantlets”
e2“The overall growth performance of inoculated seedlings was higher in compare to un-inoculated control.”
t0“Musa plantlets under nitrogen-free hydroponics condition”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased N yield of banana plantlets by 94-144% relative to uninoculated controls.
- Material
- banana plantletse1
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculatione0
- Outcome
- N yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 94-144%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle2
- Setting
- nitrogen-free hydroponics conditiont0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that a remarkable increase in root growth, namely length (33-44%), volume (76-168%) and mass (137-141%) were recorded due to the PGPR inoculation, beside a higher shoot growth (123-202%) and N yield (94-144%).”
e1“tissue-cultured banana plantlets”
e2“The overall growth performance of inoculated seedlings was higher in compare to un-inoculated control.”
t0“Musa plantlets under nitrogen-free hydroponics condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased visible root hair formation within 7 days.
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculatione1
- Outcome
- formation of root haire0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- within 7 days of inoculatione0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculated plants showed higher formation of root hair which was visible within 7 days of inoculation.”
e1“due to the PGPR inoculation”
e2“un-inoculated control”
t0“Musa plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased leaf area, chlorophyll content, and total biomass of banana plantlets.
- Treatment
- PGPR inoculatione0
- Outcome
- leaf area, chlorophyll content, and consequently the total biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth attributes namely, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and consequently the total biomass were also increased due to PGPR inoculation.”
e1“un-inoculated control”
t0“Musa plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Sp7 and UPMB10 as biofertilizers and crop enhancers for banana seedling production.
Verbatim
e0“PGPR strains Sp7 and UPMB10 could be used as crop-enhancer and bio-fertilizer for vigor seedling and production of bananas.”
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