Abstract
The response of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Climax seeds imbibed with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and sodium chloride (NaCl) prior to sowing was evaluated. Soaking of seeds in two different concentrations of EBL (5 and 10 μM) for 4 hours, caused an increase in germination, embryo axis length and most of the aspects of shoot and root growth at seedling stage, maturity stage (90 DAS) along with seed yield at the time of harvest. Both the EBL treatments (5 and 10 μM) improved the above mentioned attributes but maximum improvement was observed in response to EBL concentration of 10 μM with respect to the control. At seedling stage, EBL (10 μM) significantly enhanced the fresh and dry biomass, seedling height (shoot + root), photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), total chlorophyll contents (Chl), proline contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nitrite reductase activity (NiRA) as compared to control (water soaked alone). Similarly, at maturity stage the plants grown from seeds pre-imbibed in EBL (10 μM) also exhibited the augmentation in dry biomass, physiological aspects (Pn, gs and Chl), enzymatic activities (NRA, NiRA, SOD, POD, CAT), leaf proline contents, nodule number and nodule dry biomass in comparison to water imbibed control. Seed attributes like seed yield, seed number and seed protein contents also showed the improvement in response to EBL (10 μM) at the time of harvest. Although, plants subjected to saline stress exhibited a reduction in all the morpho-physiological and enzymatic attributes (NRA and NiRA) but proline contents and enzymatic activities of antioxidants were enhanced in response to NaCl stress. However, deleterious effects induced by salinity were reduced if seeds were treated with EBL before or after NaCl imbibitions.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
24-epibrassinolide seed soaking increased germination and embryo axis length of pea.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceust1 - Treatment
- EBL (5 and 10 μM)e0
- Outcome
- germination, embryo axis lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Soaking of seeds in two different concentrations of EBL (5 and 10 μM) for 4 hours, caused an increase in germination, embryo axis length and most of the aspects of shoot and root growth at seedling stage”
e1“with respect to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
24-epibrassinolide seed soaking increased shoot and root growth of pea at seedling stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Organ / stage
- seedling stagee0
- Treatment
- EBL (5 and 10 μM)e0
- Outcome
- shoot and root growthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Soaking of seeds in two different concentrations of EBL (5 and 10 μM) for 4 hours, caused an increase in germination, embryo axis length and most of the aspects of shoot and root growth at seedling stage”
e1“with respect to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
24-epibrassinolide seed soaking increased seed yield of pea at harvest.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Organ / stage
- maturity stage (90 DAS)e0
- Treatment
- EBL (5 and 10 μM)e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Soaking of seeds in two different concentrations of EBL (5 and 10 μM) for 4 hours, caused an increase in germination, embryo axis length and most of the aspects of shoot and root growth at seedling stage, maturity stage (90 DAS) along with seed yield at the time of harvest”
e1“with respect to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 μM EBL concentration gave the maximum improvement over the control.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- EBL concentration of 10 μMe1
- Outcome
- improvemente1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e1“Both the EBL treatments (5 and 10 μM) improved the above mentioned attributes but maximum improvement was observed in response to EBL concentration of 10 μM with respect to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) enhanced fresh and dry biomass and seedling height of pea at seedling stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e2
- Outcome
- fresh and dry biomass, seedling height (shoot + root)e2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Comparator
- control (water soaked alone)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e2“At seedling stage, EBL (10 μM) significantly enhanced the fresh and dry biomass, seedling height (shoot + root), photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), total chlorophyll contents (Chl), proline contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nitrite reductase activity (NiRA) as compared to control (water soaked alone)”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) enhanced photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and total chlorophyll of pea at seedling stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e2
- Outcome
- photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), total chlorophyll contents (Chl)e2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Comparator
- control (water soaked alone)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e2“At seedling stage, EBL (10 μM) significantly enhanced the fresh and dry biomass, seedling height (shoot + root), photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), total chlorophyll contents (Chl), proline contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nitrite reductase activity (NiRA) as compared to control (water soaked alone)”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) enhanced proline, SOD and POD of pea at seedling stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e2
- Outcome
- proline contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD)e2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Comparator
- control (water soaked alone)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e2“At seedling stage, EBL (10 μM) significantly enhanced the fresh and dry biomass, seedling height (shoot + root), photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), total chlorophyll contents (Chl), proline contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nitrite reductase activity (NiRA) as compared to control (water soaked alone)”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) enhanced CAT, NRA and NiRA of pea at seedling stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e2
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nitrite reductase activity (NiRA)e2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Comparator
- control (water soaked alone)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e2“At seedling stage, EBL (10 μM) significantly enhanced the fresh and dry biomass, seedling height (shoot + root), photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), total chlorophyll contents (Chl), proline contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and nitrite reductase activity (NiRA) as compared to control (water soaked alone)”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) augmented dry biomass of pea at maturity stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Organ / stage
- maturity stagee3
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e3
- Outcome
- dry biomasse3
- Direction
- augmentatione3
- Comparator
- water imbibed controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e3“Similarly, at maturity stage the plants grown from seeds pre-imbibed in EBL (10 μM) also exhibited the augmentation in dry biomass, physiological aspects (Pn, gs and Chl), enzymatic activities (NRA, NiRA, SOD, POD, CAT), leaf proline contents, nodule number and nodule dry biomass in comparison to water imbibed control”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) augmented photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll of pea at maturity stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Organ / stage
- maturity stagee3
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e3
- Outcome
- physiological aspects (Pn, gs and Chl)e3
- Direction
- augmentatione3
- Comparator
- water imbibed controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e3“Similarly, at maturity stage the plants grown from seeds pre-imbibed in EBL (10 μM) also exhibited the augmentation in dry biomass, physiological aspects (Pn, gs and Chl), enzymatic activities (NRA, NiRA, SOD, POD, CAT), leaf proline contents, nodule number and nodule dry biomass in comparison to water imbibed control”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) augmented enzymatic activities of pea at maturity stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Organ / stage
- maturity stagee3
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e3
- Outcome
- enzymatic activities (NRA, NiRA, SOD, POD, CAT)e3
- Direction
- augmentatione3
- Comparator
- water imbibed controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e3“Similarly, at maturity stage the plants grown from seeds pre-imbibed in EBL (10 μM) also exhibited the augmentation in dry biomass, physiological aspects (Pn, gs and Chl), enzymatic activities (NRA, NiRA, SOD, POD, CAT), leaf proline contents, nodule number and nodule dry biomass in comparison to water imbibed control”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) augmented leaf proline of pea at maturity stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Organ / stage
- maturity stagee3
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e3
- Outcome
- leaf proline contentse3
- Direction
- augmentatione3
- Comparator
- water imbibed controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e3“Similarly, at maturity stage the plants grown from seeds pre-imbibed in EBL (10 μM) also exhibited the augmentation in dry biomass, physiological aspects (Pn, gs and Chl), enzymatic activities (NRA, NiRA, SOD, POD, CAT), leaf proline contents, nodule number and nodule dry biomass in comparison to water imbibed control”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) augmented nodule number and nodule dry biomass of pea at maturity stage.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Organ / stage
- maturity stagee3
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e3
- Outcome
- nodule number and nodule dry biomasse3
- Direction
- augmentatione3
- Comparator
- water imbibed controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e3“Similarly, at maturity stage the plants grown from seeds pre-imbibed in EBL (10 μM) also exhibited the augmentation in dry biomass, physiological aspects (Pn, gs and Chl), enzymatic activities (NRA, NiRA, SOD, POD, CAT), leaf proline contents, nodule number and nodule dry biomass in comparison to water imbibed control”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL (10 μM) improved seed number and seed protein content of pea at harvest.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- EBL (10 μM)e4
- Outcome
- seed number and seed protein contentse4
- Direction
- improvemente4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e4“Seed attributes like seed yield, seed number and seed protein contents also showed the improvement in response to EBL (10 μM) at the time of harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl stress reduced morpho-physiological and enzymatic attributes of pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- saline stresse5
- Outcome
- morpho-physiological and enzymatic attributese5
- Direction
- reductione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e5“Although, plants subjected to saline stress exhibited a reduction in all the morpho-physiological and enzymatic attributes (NRA and NiRA) but proline contents and enzymatic activities of antioxidants were enhanced in response to NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl stress enhanced proline and antioxidant enzyme activities of pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- NaCl stresse5
- Outcome
- proline contents and enzymatic activities of antioxidantse5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e5“Although, plants subjected to saline stress exhibited a reduction in all the morpho-physiological and enzymatic attributes (NRA and NiRA) but proline contents and enzymatic activities of antioxidants were enhanced in response to NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL applied before or after NaCl imbibition reduced salinity-induced deleterious effects in pea.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust1
- Treatment
- EBLe6
- Outcome
- deleterious effects induced by salinitye6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Comparator
- NaCl imbibitionse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“in pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e6“However, deleterious effects induced by salinity were reduced if seeds were treated with EBL before or after NaCl imbibitions”
The same questions in other papers
24-epi-brassinolide · physiology: photosynthesis · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
24-epi-brassinolide · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
24-epi-brassinolide · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
24-epi-brassinolide · physiology: osmolytes · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
salinity · physiology: enzyme activity · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.