Abstract
We evaluated plant growth and leaf and root mineral nutrient responses to salinity of two-month-old citrus rootstock seedlings growing in four types of container growth media: aerated hydroponic solution, river washed sand, perlite, or a native clay-loam soil. Seedlings of Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco; Cleo, relatively salt tolerant) and Carrizo citrange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb. Poncirus trifoliate L.; Carr, salt sensitive] were grown in a controlled-environment chamber using Hoagland's nutrient solution containing either 0 mM (Control) or 50 mM sodium chloride (NaCl; salt). Without salt, seedlings in solution culture and sand grew the most and seedlings in perlite and clay-loam grew the least. The salinity treatment decreased growth in both Cleo and Carr seedlings in solution and sand but not in smaller seedlings in perlite and clay-loam soil. Cleo seedlings had lower leaf chloride (Cl−) concentration and higher leaf sodium (Na+) concentration than Carr seedlings. In the salinized clay-loam soil, Cl− and Na+ concentrations tended to be highest in leaves but lowest in roots. Salt treatment generally reduced leaf calcium (Ca2+) concentration in Cleo seedlings in all substrates and in Carr seedlings in solution and perlite. Based on total plant dry weight, seedlings grown in solution culture and sand were more salt tolerant than those grown in perlite and clay-loam soil. Since the reduced growth in clay-loam soil and perlite negated the effects of the salt treatment, salt tolerance was not linked to leaf Cl− concentration.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Without salt, solution and sand seedlings grew most while perlite and clay-loam seedlings grew least.
- Treatment
- solution culture and sande0
- Outcome
- seedlingse0
- Direction
- grew the moste0
- Comparator
- perlite and clay-loame0
CitrusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without salt, seedlings in solution culture and sand grew the most and seedlings in perlite and clay-loam grew the least.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased growth of Cleo and Carr seedlings in solution and sand.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The salinity treatment decreased growth in both Cleo and Carr seedlings in solution and sand but not in smaller seedlings in perlite and clay-loam soil.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity did not decrease growth of smaller seedlings in perlite and clay-loam soil.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The salinity treatment decreased growth in both Cleo and Carr seedlings in solution and sand but not in smaller seedlings in perlite and clay-loam soil.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Cleo seedlings had lower leaf chloride than Carr seedlings.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cleo seedlings had lower leaf chloride (Cl−) concentration and higher leaf sodium (Na+) concentration than Carr seedlings.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Cleo seedlings had higher leaf sodium than Carr seedlings.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cleo seedlings had lower leaf chloride (Cl−) concentration and higher leaf sodium (Na+) concentration than Carr seedlings.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
In salinized clay-loam, chloride and sodium tended to be highest in leaves and lowest in roots.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the salinized clay-loam soil, Cl− and Na+ concentrations tended to be highest in leaves but lowest in roots.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt reduced leaf calcium in Cleo seedlings in all substrates.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt treatment generally reduced leaf calcium (Ca2+) concentration in Cleo seedlings in all substrates and in Carr seedlings in solution and perlite.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt reduced leaf calcium in Carr seedlings in solution and perlite.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt treatment generally reduced leaf calcium (Ca2+) concentration in Cleo seedlings in all substrates and in Carr seedlings in solution and perlite.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Solution and sand seedlings were more salt tolerant by dry weight than perlite and clay-loam seedlings.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on total plant dry weight, seedlings grown in solution culture and sand were more salt tolerant than those grown in perlite and clay-loam soil.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt tolerance was not linked to leaf chloride concentration.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt tolerance was not linked to leaf Cl− concentration.”
t0“CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS”
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