Abstract
The adaptation of metabolism is thought to play a role in the acquisition of desiccation tolerance (DT). However, the importance of such a role and whether specific regulatory pathways exist remain to be assessed. Using in vitro 31P and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and biochemical assays, we analysed metabolite profiles of perchloric extracts from germinating radicles of cucumber to identify changes in carbon and phosphate metabolism associated with DT. Emerged radicles measuring 2 mm long can be rendered tolerant to desiccation by incubation in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a water potential of 1.5 MPa. However, in 4-mm-long emerged radicles, this treatment was ineffective. This manipulable system enabled the discrimination of changes in metabolites associated with DT from those associated with the response to osmotic stress. Independent of radicle length, the PEG treatment resulted in an increase in sucrose (Suc) content, whereas glucose (Glc), fructose (Fru) and the hexose phosphate pool, as well as phosphoenolpyruvate decreased three- to fourfold. In addition, three derivatives arising early during phospholipid catabolism (glycerylphosphorylcholine, glycerylphosphorylethanolamine and glycerylphosphorylinositol) appeared in the PEG-treated radicles. Interestingly, phospholipid degradation was much more pronounced in osmotically challenged radicles that remain sensitive to drying. This was proved by the appearance of catabolites, such as phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine, solely in 4 mm PEG-treated radicles. Furthermore, glycerol-3-phosphate and its derivative 3-phosphoglycerate increased significantly. Our data suggest that the metabolic response leading to the re-establishment of DT is not entirely identical to that of an osmotic response. It is inferred that membrane remodelling and/or increased phospholipid catabolism is an adaptive response common to osmotic adjustment and DT but is controlled differently in tolerant and sensitive radicles.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
PEG treatment restored desiccation tolerance to 2 mm emerged radicles.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Organ / stage
- Emerged radiclese0
- Treatment
- incubation in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a water potential of 1.5 MPae0
- Outcome
- tolerant to desiccatione0
- Qualifier
- 2 mm longe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Emerged radicles measuring 2 mm long can be rendered tolerant to desiccation by incubation in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a water potential of 1.5 MPa.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The PEG treatment did not restore desiccation tolerance in 4 mm radicles.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- emerged radiclese0
- Treatment
- this treatmente0
- Outcome
- ineffectivee0
- Qualifier
- 4-mm-longe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in 4-mm-long emerged radicles, this treatment was ineffective.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG increased sucrose content irrespective of radicle length.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- PEG treatmente0
- Outcome
- sucrose (Suc) contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Independent of radicle length, the PEG treatment resulted in an increase in sucrose (Suc) content”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG decreased glucose three to fourfold irrespective of radicle length.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- PEG treatmente1
- Outcome
- glucose (Glc)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- three- to fourfolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas glucose (Glc), fructose (Fru) and the hexose phosphate pool, as well as phosphoenolpyruvate decreased three- to fourfold.”
t0“cucumber”
e1“PEG treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG decreased fructose three to fourfold.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- PEG treatmente1
- Outcome
- fructose (Fru)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- three- to fourfolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fructose (Fru) and the hexose phosphate pool, as well as phosphoenolpyruvate decreased three- to fourfold.”
t0“cucumber”
e1“PEG treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG decreased the hexose phosphate pool three to fourfold.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- PEG treatmente1
- Outcome
- hexose phosphate poole0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- three- to fourfolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the hexose phosphate pool, as well as phosphoenolpyruvate decreased three- to fourfold.”
t0“cucumber”
e1“PEG treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG decreased phosphoenolpyruvate three to fourfold.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- PEG treatmente1
- Outcome
- phosphoenolpyruvatee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- three- to fourfolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphoenolpyruvate decreased three- to fourfold.”
t0“cucumber”
e1“PEG treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Three early phospholipid catabolism derivatives appeared in PEG treated radicles.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- PEG-treatede0
- Outcome
- glycerylphosphorylcholine, glycerylphosphorylethanolamine and glycerylphosphorylinositole0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“three derivatives arising early during phospholipid catabolism (glycerylphosphorylcholine, glycerylphosphorylethanolamine and glycerylphosphorylinositol) appeared in the PEG-treated radicles.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Phospholipid degradation was greater in osmotically challenged radicles that remained drying sensitive.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- radiclese0
- Outcome
- phospholipid degradatione0
- Direction
- much more pronouncede0
- Qualifier
- sensitive to dryinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phospholipid degradation was much more pronounced in osmotically challenged radicles that remain sensitive to drying.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphocholine appeared only in 4 mm PEG treated radicles.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- radiclese0
- Outcome
- phosphocholinee0
- Qualifier
- 4 mm PEG-treatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine, solely in 4 mm PEG-treated radicles.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphoethanolamine appeared only in 4 mm PEG treated radicles.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- radiclese0
- Outcome
- phosphoethanolaminee0
- Qualifier
- 4 mm PEG-treatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphoethanolamine, solely in 4 mm PEG-treated radicles.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycerol 3 phosphate increased significantly.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- glycerol-3-phosphatee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycerol-3-phosphate and its derivative 3-phosphoglycerate increased significantly.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
3 phosphoglycerate increased significantly.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- 3-phosphoglyceratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3-phosphoglycerate increased significantly.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that the metabolic response associated with restored desiccation tolerance differs from the osmotic response.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- metabolic response leading to the re-establishment of DTe0
- Comparator
- an osmotic responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the metabolic response leading to the re-establishment of DT is not entirely identical to that of an osmotic response.”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer membrane remodelling or increased phospholipid catabolism as adaptive to osmotic adjustment and desiccation tolerance, under different control in tolerant and sensitive radicles.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- adaptive response common to osmotic adjustment and DTe0
- Qualifier
- membrane remodelling and/or increased phospholipid catabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“membrane remodelling and/or increased phospholipid catabolism is an adaptive response common to osmotic adjustment and DT but is controlled differently in tolerant and sensitive radicles.”
t0“cucumber”
The same questions in other papers
poly(ethylene glycol) · disease · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.