Abstract
Several cultivars of wheat, grown in pots in a controlled environment, were subject to single shading periods of 8-11 days within the interval from 36 days before anthesis until anthesis. The aim was to confirm sensitivity of kernel number to reduced irradiance as observed in the field and to investigate its causes. Shading periods centred 10-13 days before anthesis had biggest effects on kernel number per spike through effects on kernels per spikelet. This was associated with greatest reductions in the spike dry weight at anthesis and with reductions in the number of competent florets (florets with full anther development) per unit spike dry weight; floret fertility (kernels per competent floret) was unaffected. Approximately 30% of the total dry weight increment of the plant was being allocated to the spike at the stage of greatest sensitivity to shading, but shading did not alter this partitioning. Maximum water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of the spike (30-40% on a dry basis in unshaded plants) occurred at 15 days before anthesis. Shading at the most sensitive period reduced temporarily WSC concentration in the spike, reduced stainable starch in carpels of florets of central spikelets, and reduced floret survival by increasing degeneration of distal florets. Shading before or after this period reduced kernel number less, reducing spike dry weight but not competent florets per unit spike dry weight. Reduced assimilate supply is probably the cause of these responses in the spike.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Shading 10–13 days before anthesis had the largest reduction in kernels per spike.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Shading periods centred 10-13 days before anthesise0
- Outcome
- kernel number per spikee0
- Direction
- biggest effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shading periods centred 10-13 days before anthesis had biggest effects on kernel number per spike through effects on kernels per spikelet.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading at the sensitive period reduced spike dry weight at anthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shadingt1
- Outcome
- spike dry weight at anthesise0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greatest reductions in the spike dry weight at anthesis”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Responses to Preanthesis Shading”
Claim · model-written summary
It reduced competent florets per unit spike dry weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shadingt1
- Outcome
- number of competent floretse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reductions in the number of competent florets (florets with full anther development) per unit spike dry weight”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Responses to Preanthesis Shading”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading left kernels per competent floret unaffected.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shadingt1
- Outcome
- floret fertility (kernels per competent floret)e0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“floret fertility (kernels per competent floret) was unaffected.”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Responses to Preanthesis Shading”
Claim · model-written summary
At maximum shading sensitivity, approximately 30% of plant dry weight gain was allocated to the spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- total dry weight increment of the plant was being allocated to the spikee0
- Value
- Approximately 30%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Approximately 30% of the total dry weight increment of the plant was being allocated to the spike at the stage of greatest sensitivity to shading”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading did not alter dry matter partitioning to the spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- shadinge0
- Outcome
- partitioninge0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shading did not alter this partitioning.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spike water soluble carbohydrate peaked 15 days before anthesis at 30-40% dry basis in unshaded plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of the spikee0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 30-40%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of the spike (30-40% on a dry basis in unshaded plants) occurred at 15 days before anthesis.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading at the sensitive period temporarily reduced spike WSC concentration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shading at the most sensitive periode0
- Outcome
- WSC concentration in the spikee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shading at the most sensitive period reduced temporarily WSC concentration in the spike”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensitive-period shading reduced stainable starch in carpels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shadingt1
- Outcome
- stainable starch in carpelse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced stainable starch in carpels of florets of central spikelets”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Responses to Preanthesis Shading”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensitive-period shading reduced floret survival through greater distal-floret degeneration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shadingt1
- Outcome
- floret survivale0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced floret survival by increasing degeneration of distal florets”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Responses to Preanthesis Shading”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading outside the sensitive period reduced kernel number less.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shading before or after this periode0
- Outcome
- kernel numbere0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shading before or after this period reduced kernel number less”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading outside the sensitive period reduced spike dry weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shadingt1
- Outcome
- spike dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reducing spike dry weight but not competent florets per unit spike dry weight.”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Responses to Preanthesis Shading”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading outside the sensitive period did not reduce competent florets per spike dry weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Shadingt1
- Outcome
- competent florets per unit spike dry weighte0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“not competent florets per unit spike dry weight.”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Responses to Preanthesis Shading”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute spike responses probably to reduced assimilate supply.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- responses in the spikee0
- Qualifier
- Reduced assimilate supplye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced assimilate supply is probably the cause of these responses in the spike.”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 69 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.