Abstract
The effect of carbohydrate availability upon nodule activity was studied using male‐sterile ( ms 2 ms 2 ) and male‐fertile ( Ms 2 Ms 2 ) soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) isolines. At 63 days after emergence (DAE), treatments intended to increase or decrease the supply of carbohydrate to nodules were imposed. Treatments were: control, partial shading, partial defoliation, and partial depodding. At 70 DAE, partial sha,ding decreased photosynthetic photon flux density 75%, partial defoliation decreased leaf dry weight 60%, and depodding reduced pod dry weight 40 to 87%. Specific nodule activity (SNA) was determined during seed‐filling using acetylene reduction assay. Specific nodule activity of both isolines changed very little until 83 DAE, then declined rapidly during the next 14 days as male‐fertile plants approached physiological maturity. Control male‐fertile and male‐sterile plants had similar SNA until 83 DAE when SNA of sterile plants was greater than SNA of male‐fertile plants. Treatments intended to decrease the supply of carbohydrate to nodules decreased SNA throughout seed‐filling. Depodding increased SNA of male‐fertile plants, but decreased SNA of male‐sterile plants at 83 DAE. Depodding increased total root N concentration. Other treatments did not affect root N concentration. Control male‐sterile plants had higher total root N concentrations than control male‐fertile plants. On most dates, concentrations of starch and total soluble sugars were greater within roots of control male‐sterile plants than within roots of control male‐fertile plants. At 70 DAE, partial shading and partial defoliation of male‐fertile plants resulted in decreased root soluble sugars but had no affect on root starch concentration. Depodding increased the concentration of starch and total soluble sugars within roots of both isolines 77 and 83 DAE. Treatment and isoline effects on SNA were not consistently related to treatment effects on root carbohydrate concentration. Male‐sterility and depodding treatments which decreased the reproductive sink for carbohydrate also decreased the reproductive sink for newly reduced N. Data indicate that factors other than carbohydrate availability may be responsible for the decline in SNA during late seedfilling.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Partial shading reduced photon flux density by 75%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- partial sha,dinge0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic photon flux densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“partial sha,ding decreased photosynthetic photon flux density 75%”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial defoliation reduced leaf dry weight by 60%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- partial defoliatione0
- Outcome
- leaf dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“partial defoliation decreased leaf dry weight 60%”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Depodding reduced pod dry weight by 40 to 87%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- depoddinge0
- Outcome
- pod dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 40 to 87%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“depodding reduced pod dry weight 40 to 87%”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Specific nodule activity declined rapidly after 83 days after emergence.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Specific nodule activitye0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- during the next 14 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Specific nodule activity of both isolines changed very little until 83 DAE, then declined rapidly during the next 14 days”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Control sterile plants had greater specific nodule activity than fertile plants after 83 days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐sterile plantse0
- Outcome
- SNAe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- 83 DAEe0
- Comparator
- male‐fertile plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Control male‐fertile and male‐sterile plants had similar SNA until 83 DAE when SNA of sterile plants was greater than SNA of male‐fertile plants”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments reducing carbohydrate supply reduced nodule activity during seed filling.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Treatments intended to decrease the supply of carbohydrate to nodulese0
- Outcome
- SNAe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- throughout seed‐fillinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments intended to decrease the supply of carbohydrate to nodules decreased SNA throughout seed‐filling”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Depodding increased specific nodule activity in fertile plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐fertile plantse0
- Treatment
- Depoddinge0
- Outcome
- SNAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Depodding increased SNA of male‐fertile plants, but decreased SNA of male‐sterile plants at 83 DAE”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Depodding decreased specific nodule activity in sterile plants at 83 days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐sterile plantse0
- Treatment
- Depoddinge0
- Outcome
- SNAe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 83 DAEe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Depodding increased SNA of male‐fertile plants, but decreased SNA of male‐sterile plants at 83 DAE”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Depodding increased total root nitrogen concentration.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Depoddinge0
- Outcome
- total root N concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Depodding increased total root N concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Other treatments did not affect root nitrogen concentration.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Other treatmentse0
- Outcome
- root N concentratione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other treatments did not affect root N concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Control sterile plants had higher total root nitrogen concentration than fertile controls.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐sterile plantse0
- Outcome
- total root N concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- male‐fertile plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Control male‐sterile plants had higher total root N concentrations than control male‐fertile plants”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Root starch and soluble sugars were generally greater in sterile control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐sterile plantse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of starch and total soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- On most datese0
- Comparator
- male‐fertile plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On most dates, concentrations of starch and total soluble sugars were greater within roots of control male‐sterile plants than within roots of control male‐fertile plants”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial shading decreased root soluble sugars in fertile plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐fertile plantse0
- Treatment
- partial shadinge0
- Outcome
- root soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“partial shading and partial defoliation of male‐fertile plants resulted in decreased root soluble sugars but had no affect on root starch concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial defoliation decreased root soluble sugars in fertile plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐fertile plantse0
- Treatment
- partial defoliatione0
- Outcome
- root soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“partial shading and partial defoliation of male‐fertile plants resulted in decreased root soluble sugars but had no affect on root starch concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial shading did not affect root starch in fertile plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐fertile plantse0
- Treatment
- partial shadinge0
- Outcome
- root starch concentratione0
- Direction
- no affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“partial shading and partial defoliation of male‐fertile plants resulted in decreased root soluble sugars but had no affect on root starch concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial defoliation did not affect root starch in fertile plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- male‐fertile plantse0
- Treatment
- partial defoliatione0
- Outcome
- root starch concentratione0
- Direction
- no affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“partial shading and partial defoliation of male‐fertile plants resulted in decreased root soluble sugars but had no affect on root starch concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Depodding increased root starch and soluble sugar concentrations in both isolines.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Depoddinge0
- Outcome
- concentration of starch and total soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 77 and 83 DAEe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Depodding increased the concentration of starch and total soluble sugars within roots of both isolines 77 and 83 DAE”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment and isoline effects on nodule activity were not consistently related to root carbohydrate effects.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Treatment and isoline effectse0
- Outcome
- SNAe0
- Qualifier
- not consistently related to treatment effects on root carbohydrate concentratione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment and isoline effects on SNA were not consistently related to treatment effects on root carbohydrate concentration”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Male sterility and depodding decreased reproductive sinks for carbohydrate and newly reduced nitrogen.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Male‐sterility and depodding treatmentse0
- Outcome
- reproductive sink for newly reduced Ne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Male‐sterility and depodding treatments which decreased the reproductive sink for carbohydrate also decreased the reproductive sink for newly reduced N”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Factors beyond carbohydrate availability may explain late seed-filling decline in nodule activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- decline in SNAe0
- Qualifier
- factors other than carbohydrate availabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“factors other than carbohydrate availability may be responsible for the decline in SNA during late seedfilling”
t0“soybean”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.