Abstract
Abstract Soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are subjected to varying amounts of light and temperature changes when grown in the field. A study was made on the effect of shading and different temperatures of the root medium upon growth and N 2 fixation of soybeans. Four shading treatments (0, 18, 40, and 62%) were imposed by screen cloths and two fertilizer N levels were used. Soybeans were also grown with four root temperatures (15, 20, 25, and 30 C) and four fertilizer N rates (0, 15, 30, and 45 ppm N). Growth, total N, nonstructural carbohydrate, nodule count, and nodule mass were determined on all experiments and, in addition, acetylene reduction was done on the shading experiment. Plants with no shade produced more dry matter and had higher N content, higher nonstructural carbohydrate, higher nodule mass and number than when shaded. Total nodule activity (acetylene reduction) was greatest at 18% shading, however. Fertilizer N increased nonstructural carbohydrate and specific nodule activity but decreased nodule number and mass, and total nodule activity. Temperature increase from 15 to 30 C resulted in an increase in relative growth rate and N content of plant tops, whereas total N and nonstructural carbohydrate in roots was decreased. There was no significant effect of increasing temperature upon growth of roots or nodule number or nodule mass. The N content of plant tops was increased while nodule number and nodule mass were decreased by fertilizer N application. The most significant finding was that 18% shading produced the highest acetylene reducing activity of soybeans.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Unshaded plants produced more dry matter than shaded plants.
- Taxon
- Soybeans
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- no shadee0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- when shadede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants with no shade produced more dry matter and had higher N content, higher nonstructural carbohydrate, higher nodule mass and number than when shaded”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Unshaded plants had higher nitrogen content than shaded plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- no shadee0
- Outcome
- N contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- when shadede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants with no shade produced more dry matter and had higher N content, higher nonstructural carbohydrate, higher nodule mass and number than when shaded”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Unshaded plants had higher nonstructural carbohydrate than shaded plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- no shadee0
- Outcome
- nonstructural carbohydratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- when shadede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants with no shade produced more dry matter and had higher N content, higher nonstructural carbohydrate, higher nodule mass and number than when shaded”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Unshaded plants had higher nodule mass and number than shaded plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- no shadee0
- Outcome
- nodule mass and numbere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- when shadede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants with no shade produced more dry matter and had higher N content, higher nonstructural carbohydrate, higher nodule mass and number than when shaded”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Total nodule activity was greatest at 18% shading.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 18% shadinge0
- Outcome
- Total nodule activitye0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total nodule activity (acetylene reduction) was greatest at 18% shading”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer nitrogen increased nonstructural carbohydrate and specific nodule activity.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer Ne0
- Outcome
- nonstructural carbohydrate and specific nodule activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer N increased nonstructural carbohydrate and specific nodule activity”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer nitrogen decreased nodule number, mass and total activity.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer Ne0
- Outcome
- nodule number and mass, and total nodule activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer N increased nonstructural carbohydrate and specific nodule activity but decreased nodule number and mass, and total nodule activity”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing root temperature from 15 to 30 C increased relative growth rate and nitrogen content of tops.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Temperature increase from 15 to 30 Ce0
- Outcome
- relative growth rate and N content of plant topse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Temperature increase from 15 to 30 C resulted in an increase in relative growth rate and N content of plant tops”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing root temperature decreased root total nitrogen and nonstructural carbohydrate.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- total N and nonstructural carbohydrate in rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total N and nonstructural carbohydrate in roots was decreased”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing temperature had no significant effect on root growth, nodule number or nodule mass.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- increasing temperaturee0
- Outcome
- growth of roots or nodule number or nodule masse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no significant effect of increasing temperature upon growth of roots or nodule number or nodule mass”
t0“Soybeans”
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See all 192 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.