Abstract
In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained. Measurements of plant density and dry matter production of the pasture under grazing were made for up to seven years after sowing. Establishment was achieved under various rainfall conditions from eleven sowings. Herbicide application proved essential for the establishment and survival of the perennial species. Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments. The addition of simazine to paraquat increased survival of M. sativa over that on the paraquat-alone treatment. No similar effect was observed when simazine was added to 2,2-DPA. Establishment and survival were not influenced by rates of 2,2-DPA between 4.1 and 12.4 kg a.e. ha-1. Plant density in established swards was increased by up to 1200 per cent by strategic grazing applied after the improved species had completed seeding. Lucerne dominated other species and in the final year of measurement produced 87 per cent of a mean dry matter production of 9719 kg ha-1.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application was essential for establishment and survival of Medicago sativa.
- Taxon
- Medicago sativa
Medicago sativae1 - Treatment
- Herbicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- establishment and survivale0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide application proved essential for the establishment and survival of the perennial species.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application was essential for establishment and survival of Dactylis glomerata.
- Taxon
- Dactylis glomerata
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Dactylis glomeratae1 - Treatment
- Herbicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- establishment and survivale0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide application proved essential for the establishment and survival of the perennial species.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application was essential for establishment and survival of Phalaris tuberosa.
- Taxon
- Phalaris tuberosa
Phalaris aquaticae1 - Treatment
- Herbicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- establishment and survivale0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide application proved essential for the establishment and survival of the perennial species.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
First summer M. sativa seedling survival was greater with 2,2-DPA than paraquat.
- Taxon
- M. sativaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- 2,2-DPA treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summere0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- paraquat treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding simazine to paraquat increased M. sativa survival.
- Taxon
- M. sativaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- addition of simazine to paraquate0
- Outcome
- survival of M. sativae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- paraquat-alone treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of simazine to paraquat increased survival of M. sativa over that on the paraquat-alone treatment.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding simazine to 2,2-DPA did not show a similar survival effect.
- Taxon
- M. sativaMedicago sativae2
- Treatment
- simazine was added to 2,2-DPAe0
- Outcome
- similar effecte0
- Direction
- No similar effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No similar effect was observed when simazine was added to 2,2-DPA.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
2,2-DPA rates from 4.1 to 12.4 kg a.e. ha-1 did not influence establishment and survival.
- Taxon
- Medicago sativaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- rates of 2,2-DPA between 4.1 and 12.4 kg a.e. ha-1e0
- Outcome
- Establishment and survivale0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Establishment and survival were not influenced by rates of 2,2-DPA between 4.1 and 12.4 kg a.e. ha-1.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Strategic grazing after seeding increased established sward plant density by up to 1200 per cent.
- Taxon
- Medicago sativaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- strategic grazing applied after the improved species had completed seedinge0
- Outcome
- Plant density in established swardse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- up to 1200 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant density in established swards was increased by up to 1200 per cent by strategic grazing applied after the improved species had completed seeding.”
e1“In a series of experiments on unploughed hill country near Turondale, New South Wales, the effects of rate and type of herbicide on establishment, survival and persistence of surface-sown Medicago sativa, Trifolium subterraneum, Dactylis glomerata and Phalaris tuberosa were ascertained.”
e2“Survival of M. sativa seedlings through their first summer was greater on the 2,2-DPA treatments than on paraquat treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lucerne dominated other species and produced 87 per cent of mean dry matter in the final year.
- Taxon
- LucerneMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Value
- 87 per cente0
- Qualifier
- mean dry matter production of 9719 kg ha-1e0
- Comparator
- other speciese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lucerne dominated other species and in the final year of measurement produced 87 per cent of a mean dry matter production of 9719 kg ha-1.”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · growth · Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
herbicide · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →herbicide · growth · Phalaris aquatica (canary grass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.