Abstract
Abstract Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential element of plants and animals and is of concern from human nutrition and environmental standpoints. Rational applications to soil of Mo in fertilizers, sewage sludges, or other soil amendments requires information of the concentrations of Mo in soils and plants. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted at Lexington, Kentucky, using surface samples of 12 soils (11 soil types) derived from diverse parent materials in Kentucky with soil pH ranging from 5.18 to 7.46. Molybdenum (Na2MoO4.2H2O) was added at rates equivalent to 0, 0.3, and 0.6 mg Mo kg‐1 soil. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Ky14) and soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merrill cv. McCall] were grown to provide plant Mo data for Mo soil test correlations and comparisons. The primary purpose of these investigations was to determine the effect of pH of NH4‐oxalate extractant solution on the relationship of soil Mo and Mo uptake by tobacco and soybeans, and to evaluate the automated KI‐H2O2 procedure for use in determining Mo in soil extracting solutions. The mean dry weight and Mo concentration of tobacco and soybean were increased by applications of Mo fertilizer to soil in the greenhouse. Dry matter of tobacco was increased 11 to 25% and concentration of Mo from 40 to 82% by each increment of added Mo fertilizer. The results of this study suggest that many soils in Kentucky are not meeting the requirements for Mo sufficiency for tobacco and soybean plants. The average amount of soil Mo extracted by NH4‐oxalate decreased with increasing pH of extractant. Regression estimates for the relationship of Mo uptake by tobacco or soybean and extractable soil Mo show that the slope and the coefficients of determination increased with pH of NH4‐oxalate solution from pH 3.3 to 6.0 and then decreased again at pH 6.4. The greatest amounts of variation in Mo uptake by plants (67% and 20%, respectively, for tobacco and soybean) were accounted for by the soil Mo data at pH 6.0. Soil Mo values for the NH4‐oxalate extractant (pH 6.0) were related to values for anion exchange resin extractant (r2 = 0.61**), but not soil pH. However, values for anion exchange resin were more closely related to Mo uptake by tobacco (r2 = 0.86**) and soybean (r2 = 0.60**) than were values for NH4‐oxalate (r2 = 0.65** and r2 = 0.27**, respectively). Results of this study indicate that the automated KI‐H2O2 method used previously in analysis for plant Mo can be used to analyze Mo in soil extracts. Other instrumentation such as GFAAS and ICP may be effective in the analysis of extracts obtained by the NH4‐oxalate (pH 6.0) or by anion exchange resin procedures when the Mo concentration of extracts falls within the detection limits of the instrument.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Mo fertilizer applied to soil increased the mean dry weight and Mo concentration of soybean in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- applications of Mo fertilizer to soile0
- Outcome
- mean dry weight and Mo concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean dry weight and Mo concentration of tobacco and soybean were increased by applications of Mo fertilizer to soil in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Each increment of added Mo fertilizer increased tobacco dry matter by 11 to 25%.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- each increment of added Mo fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Dry mattere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11 to 25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter of tobacco was increased 11 to 25% and concentration of Mo from 40 to 82% by each increment of added Mo fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Each increment of added Mo fertilizer increased the Mo concentration of tobacco by 40 to 82%.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- each increment of added Mo fertilizere0
- Outcome
- concentration of Moe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- from 40 to 82%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter of tobacco was increased 11 to 25% and concentration of Mo from 40 to 82% by each increment of added Mo fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that many Kentucky soils do not meet the Mo sufficiency requirements of tobacco and soybean plants.
- Taxon
- tobacco and soybean plantsGlycine maxNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- not meeting the requirements for Mo sufficiencye0
- Setting
- Kentuckye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“many soils in Kentucky are not meeting the requirements for Mo sufficiency for tobacco and soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The average amount of soil Mo extracted by NH4-oxalate decreased as the pH of the extractant increased.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The average amount of soil Mo extracted by NH4‐oxalate decreased with increasing pH of extractant”
Claim · model-written summary
The slope and coefficient of determination of the regression between Mo uptake by tobacco or soybean and extractable soil Mo increased with NH4-oxalate pH from 3.3 to 6.0 and decreased again at pH 6.4.
- Taxon
- tobacco or soybeanGlycine maxNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- pH of NH4‐oxalate solution from pH 3.3 to 6.0e0
- Outcome
- the slope and the coefficients of determinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- then decreased again at pH 6.4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regression estimates for the relationship of Mo uptake by tobacco or soybean and extractable soil Mo show that the slope and the coefficients of determination increased with pH of NH4‐oxalate solution from pH 3.3 to 6.0 and then decreased again at pH 6.4”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil Mo data at pH 6.0 accounted for 67% of the variation in Mo uptake by tobacco, the greatest amount among the extractant pH values.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Compound
- soil Moe0
- Outcome
- variation in Mo uptakee0
- Value
- 67%e0
- Qualifier
- at pH 6.0e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest amounts of variation in Mo uptake by plants (67% and 20%, respectively, for tobacco and soybean) were accounted for by the soil Mo data at pH 6.0”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil Mo data at pH 6.0 accounted for 20% of the variation in Mo uptake by soybean, the greatest amount among the extractant pH values.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Compound
- soil Moe0
- Outcome
- variation in Mo uptakee0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- at pH 6.0e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest amounts of variation in Mo uptake by plants (67% and 20%, respectively, for tobacco and soybean) were accounted for by the soil Mo data at pH 6.0”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil Mo values from NH4-oxalate (pH 6.0) were related to values from anion exchange resin extractant (r2 = 0.61) but not to soil pH.
- Outcome
- Soil Mo values for the NH4‐oxalate extractante0
- Value
- r2 = 0.61**e0
- Qualifier
- but not soil pHe0
- Comparator
- anion exchange resin extractante0
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Soil Mo values for the NH4‐oxalate extractant (pH 6.0) were related to values for anion exchange resin extractant (r2 = 0.61**), but not soil pH”
Claim · model-written summary
Anion exchange resin values were more closely related to tobacco Mo uptake (r2 = 0.86) than NH4-oxalate values (r2 = 0.65).
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Compound
- anion exchange resine0
- Outcome
- Mo uptakee0
- Direction
- more closely relatede0
- Value
- r2 = 0.86**e0
- Qualifier
- r2 = 0.65**e0
- Comparator
- values for NH4‐oxalatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“values for anion exchange resin were more closely related to Mo uptake by tobacco (r2 = 0.86**) and soybean (r2 = 0.60**) than were values for NH4‐oxalate (r2 = 0.65** and r2 = 0.27**, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Anion exchange resin values were more closely related to soybean Mo uptake (r2 = 0.60) than NH4-oxalate values (r2 = 0.27).
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Compound
- anion exchange resine0
- Outcome
- Mo uptakee0
- Direction
- more closely relatede0
- Value
- r2 = 0.60**e0
- Qualifier
- r2 = 0.27**e0
- Comparator
- values for NH4‐oxalatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“values for anion exchange resin were more closely related to Mo uptake by tobacco (r2 = 0.86**) and soybean (r2 = 0.60**) than were values for NH4‐oxalate (r2 = 0.65** and r2 = 0.27**, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
The automated KI-H2O2 method previously used for plant Mo can be used to analyze Mo in soil extracts.
Verbatim
e0“the automated KI‐H2O2 method used previously in analysis for plant Mo can be used to analyze Mo in soil extracts”
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