Abstract
In West Asia and North Africa, farmers may permit sheep ( Ovis aries ) to graze young barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) crops and then let the crops recover to allow grain harvest at maturity. The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that in a semiarid area, clipping or grazing before stem elongation on a suitable barley cultivar planted early in the season may not reduce grain and straw yields. Field experiments (1997–1998 to 1999–2000) were conducted in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon at a site with Vertic Xerochrept soil and 513 mm of long‐term annual precipitation. Treatments were early planting with no clipping or grazing (ENG), early planting with early clipping or grazing (EG), and normal planting with no clipping or grazing (NNG). Hand clipping was performed in late winter to early spring before stem elongation in 1997–1998 and 1998–1999. In 1999–2000, sheep grazing was performed. There were large differences in weather conditions among the three seasons. Clipping or grazing removed 2400, 450, and 280 kg ha −1 dry matter in 1997–1998, 1998–1999, and 1999–2000, respectively. In comparison with the ENG and NNG treatments, the EG treatment did not reduce grain and straw yields in all years. In 1998–1999, the EG treatment yielded 1020 and 2130 kg ha −1 more grain and biological (grain + straw) yield, respectively, than the NNG treatment. Thus, if farmers in semiarid areas plant their barley crops early and then allow green‐stage grazing, they may gain a certain amount of nutritious forage without decreasing grain and straw production.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Clipping or grazing removed 2400 kg ha −1 dry matter in 1997–1998.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- Clipping or grazinge0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- removede0
- Value
- 2400e0
- Setting
- 1997–1998e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Clipping or grazing removed 2400, 450, and 280 kg ha −1 dry matter in 1997–1998, 1998–1999, and 1999–2000, respectively.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Clipping or grazing removed 450 kg ha −1 dry matter in 1998–1999.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Clipping or grazinge0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- removede0
- Value
- 450e0
- Setting
- 1998–1999e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clipping or grazing removed 2400, 450, and 280 kg ha −1 dry matter in 1997–1998, 1998–1999, and 1999–2000, respectively.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Clipping or grazing removed 280 kg ha −1 dry matter in 1999–2000.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Clipping or grazinge0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- removede0
- Value
- 280 kg ha −1e0
- Setting
- 1999–2000e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clipping or grazing removed 2400, 450, and 280 kg ha −1 dry matter in 1997–1998, 1998–1999, and 1999–2000, respectively.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Early planting with clipping or grazing did not reduce grain and straw yields relative to early or normal planting without clipping or grazing.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- EG treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
- Qualifier
- in all yearse0
- Comparator
- ENG and NNG treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison with the ENG and NNG treatments, the EG treatment did not reduce grain and straw yields in all years.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1998–1999 EG produced 1020 kg ha −1 more grain yield than NNG.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- EG treatmente0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 1020e0
- Comparator
- NNG treatmente0
- Setting
- 1998–1999e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1998–1999, the EG treatment yielded 1020 and 2130 kg ha −1 more grain and biological (grain + straw) yield, respectively, than the NNG treatment.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1998–1999 EG produced 2130 kg ha −1 more biological yield than NNG.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- EG treatmente0
- Outcome
- biological (grain + straw) yielde0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 2130 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- NNG treatmente0
- Setting
- 1998–1999e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1998–1999, the EG treatment yielded 1020 and 2130 kg ha −1 more grain and biological (grain + straw) yield, respectively, than the NNG treatment.”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest early planting followed by green-stage grazing may provide forage without reducing grain and straw production.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- green‐stage grazinge0
- Qualifier
- without decreasing grain and straw productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“if farmers in semiarid areas plant their barley crops early and then allow green‐stage grazing, they may gain a certain amount of nutritious forage without decreasing grain and straw production.”
The same questions in other papers
grazing · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →mechanical · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.