Paper · 1975 · Pesticide Science

Difenzoquat, 1,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐diphenylpyrazolium ion, a selective herbicide for the control of wild oats (Avena spp.) in wheat and barley

Robert J. Winfield; Jeremy J. B. Caldicott

3
claims
5
verbatim quotes
10
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract The results of a series of replicated trials and of a series of commercial grower trials conducted in the United Kingdom during 1972 and 1973, established the effectiveness of difenzoquat (1,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐diphenylpyrazolium ion) as the methyl sulphate as a selective post‐emergence herbicide for the control of wild oats in wheat and barley. Doses of 0.75 to 1.0 kg cation/ha applied at 200 or 400 litre/ha and at 2.1 or 3.5 kg/cm 2 gave good to excellent results when applied at crop growth stages 3 to 5 (Feekes—Large scale) for spring crops and at crop growth stages 4 to 6 for winter crops. In these experiments wild oats over a range of stages from 1st leaf to tillering were well controlled.

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Claims 3

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Difenzoquat was effective for wild oats control in wheat.

Treatment
difenzoquate0
Interactor
wild oatsAvenae0weed
Outcome
control of wild oatse0
Direction
effectivenesse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Avena
Avena · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Sendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“established the effectiveness of difenzoquat (1,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐diphenylpyrazolium ion) as the methyl sulphate as a selective post‐emergence herbicide for the control of wild oats in wheat and barley”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–350 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Difenzoquat was effective for wild oats control in barley.

Treatment
difenzoquate0
Interactor
wild oatsAvenae0weed
Outcome
control of wild oatse0
Direction
effectivenesse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Avena
Avena · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Sendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“established the effectiveness of difenzoquat (1,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐diphenylpyrazolium ion) as the methyl sulphate as a selective post‐emergence herbicide for the control of wild oats in wheat and barley”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–350 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Difenzoquat doses of 0.75 to 1.0 kg cation/ha gave good to excellent wild oat control across stated application conditions.

Treatment
0.75 to 1.0 kg cation/hae0
Interactor
wild oatsAvenae1weed
Outcome
wild oatse1
Direction
well controllede1
Qualifier
crop growth stages 3 to 5 (Feekes—Large scale) for spring cropse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Avena
Avena · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Sendelbach ( talk ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Doses of 0.75 to 1.0 kg cation/ha applied at 200 or 400 litre/ha and at 2.1 or 3.5 kg/cm 2 gave good to excellent results when applied at crop growth stages 3 to 5 (Feekes—Large scale) for spring crops and at crop growth stages 4 to 6 for winter crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–603 · show in text ↑
t0

“wheat and barley”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 121–137 · show in text ↑
e1

“wild oats over a range of stages from 1st leaf to tillering were well controlled”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 626–706 · show in text ↑

Difenzoquat · Avena · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Difenzoquat · Avena · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.