Abstract
Agroclimatic conditions in the UK are not ideally suited to maize ( Zea mays L.) as a grain crop. An alternative growing technique to direct-seeded maize was investigated at Reading University over three growing seasons, using four cultivars (Bastion, Ace, Anko and Mirna) of different FAO maturity ratings. In the main trials conducted in 1989 and 1990, seedlings were raised for 15–45 days in a glasshouse and planted in the field between early May and mid-June, at 10 plants/m 2 . On each planting date, maize kernels of the same cultivars were also sown in the field. At the end of each growing season, transplanted and direct-seeded crops were assessed for grain maturity and grain yield components. Averaged over year and cultivar, transplants matured significantly earlier than direct-seeded maize and tended to give higher grain yields. Their grain dry weights (86% DM) averaged 7·0 t/ha in a preliminary study in 1988, 9·0 t/ha in 1989 and 6·1 t/ha in 1990, whereas those of direct-seeded maize averaged 4·0, 8·0 and 3·0 t/ha, respectively. The highest grain weights resulted from May plantings using 15-day-old seedlings of the late cv. Mirna, and from June plantings using 30-day-old seedlings. Yield benefits from transplanting were not significant in 1989, suggesting that in a very warm season transplants may not necessarily outyield direct-seeded crops. Differences in grain weight between transplanted and direct-seeded maize are discussed with respect to grain moisture content, 1000-grain weight, ear length, and number of grains and grain rows per ear; and applications of maize transplanting for cropping systems are outlined. It is concluded that suitable combinations of cultivar, transplant age at planting and planting date can meet the thermal time requirement for a grain harvest in southern England.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Averaged over year and cultivar, transplanted maize matured significantly earlier than direct-seeded maize.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transplants matured significantly earlier than direct-seeded maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Averaged over year and cultivar, transplanted maize tended to give higher grain yields than direct-seeded maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transplants matured significantly earlier than direct-seeded maize and tended to give higher grain yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted maize grain dry weight averaged 7.0 t/ha in the 1988 preliminary study versus 4.0 t/ha for direct-seeded maize.
- Treatment
- transplantse0
- Outcome
- grain dry weightse1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 7·0 t/hae1
- Qualifier
- in a preliminary study in 1988e1
- Comparator
- direct-seeded maizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transplants matured significantly earlier than direct-seeded maize”
e1“Their grain dry weights (86% DM) averaged 7·0 t/ha in a preliminary study in 1988, 9·0 t/ha in 1989 and 6·1 t/ha in 1990, whereas those of direct-seeded maize averaged 4·0, 8·0 and 3·0 t/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted maize grain dry weight averaged 9.0 t/ha in 1989 versus 8.0 t/ha for direct-seeded maize.
- Treatment
- transplantse0
- Outcome
- grain dry weightse1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 9·0 t/hae1
- Qualifier
- in 1989e1
- Comparator
- direct-seeded maizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transplants matured significantly earlier than direct-seeded maize”
e1“Their grain dry weights (86% DM) averaged 7·0 t/ha in a preliminary study in 1988, 9·0 t/ha in 1989 and 6·1 t/ha in 1990, whereas those of direct-seeded maize averaged 4·0, 8·0 and 3·0 t/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted maize grain dry weight averaged 6.1 t/ha in 1990 versus 3.0 t/ha for direct-seeded maize.
- Treatment
- transplantse0
- Outcome
- grain dry weightse1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 6·1 t/hae1
- Qualifier
- in 1990e1
- Comparator
- direct-seeded maizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transplants matured significantly earlier than direct-seeded maize”
e1“Their grain dry weights (86% DM) averaged 7·0 t/ha in a preliminary study in 1988, 9·0 t/ha in 1989 and 6·1 t/ha in 1990, whereas those of direct-seeded maize averaged 4·0, 8·0 and 3·0 t/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest grain weights resulted from May plantings using 15-day-old seedlings of the late cultivar Mirna.
- Material
- cv. Mirnae0
- Treatment
- May plantings using 15-day-old seedlingse0
- Outcome
- grain weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain weights resulted from May plantings using 15-day-old seedlings of the late cv. Mirna”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest grain weights also resulted from June plantings using 30-day-old seedlings.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and from June plantings using 30-day-old seedlings”
e1“The highest grain weights resulted from May plantings”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield benefits from transplanting maize were not significant in 1989.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield benefits from transplanting were not significant in 1989”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Suitable combinations of cultivar, transplant age at planting and planting date can meet the thermal time requirement for a maize grain harvest in southern England.
- Treatment
- combinations of cultivar, transplant age at planting and planting datee0
- Outcome
- thermal time requirement for a grain harveste0
- Setting
- southern Englande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suitable combinations of cultivar, transplant age at planting and planting date can meet the thermal time requirement for a grain harvest in southern England”
t0“maize (Zea mays)”
The same questions in other papers
transplanting · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
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See all 29 papers →transplanting · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
87 papers in the same direction as this paper · 35 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- positive
- positive
126 papers more in this group
See all 130 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.