Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seedlings were grown in the presence of cadmium. After 1 week of Cd treatment, a sharp decline in biomass accumulation in the leaves and roots was observed, together with a decrease in the rate of photosynthetic activity due to both Rubisco and chlorophyll degradation and stomata closure. Cadmium induced a significant decrease in nitrate content and inhibition of the activities of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase (GS) and ferredoxin-glutamate synthase. An increase in NADH-glutamate synthase and NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase activity was observed in parallel. The accumulation of ammonium into the tissues of treated plants was accompanied by a loss of total protein and the accumulation of amino acids. Gln represented the major amino acid transported through xylem sap of Cd-treated and control plants. Cadmium treatment increased the total amino acid content in the phloem, maintaining Gln/Glu ratios. Western and Northern blot analysis of Cd-treated plants showed a decrease in chloroplastic GS protein and mRNA and an increase in cytosolic GS and glutamate dehydrogenase transcripts and proteins. An increase in asparagine synthetase mRNA was observed in roots, in parallel with a strong increase in asparagine. Taken together, these results suggest that the plant response to Cd stress involved newly induced enzymes dedicated to coordinated leaf nitrogen remobilization and root nitrogen storage.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium reduced biomass accumulation in leaves and roots after one week.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentum
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Cd treatmente0
- Outcome
- biomass accumulation in the leaves and rootse0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 1 week of Cd treatment, a sharp decline in biomass accumulation in the leaves and roots was observed”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium decreased photosynthetic activity.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- rate of photosynthetic activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- Rubisco and chlorophyll degradation and stomata closuree0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in the rate of photosynthetic activity due to both Rubisco and chlorophyll degradation and stomata closure.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium significantly decreased nitrate content.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cadmiume0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium induced a significant decrease in nitrate content”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium inhibited nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activities.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- activities of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductasee0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibition of the activities of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase (GS) and ferredoxin-glutamate synthase.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium inhibited glutamine synthetase and ferredoxin-glutamate synthase activities.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- activities of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase (GS) and ferredoxin-glutamate synthasee0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibition of the activities of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase (GS) and ferredoxin-glutamate synthase.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
NADH-glutamate synthase and NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase activities increased.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- NADH-glutamate synthase and NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase in NADH-glutamate synthase and NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase activity was observed in parallel.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium accumulated in treated tissues.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- accumulation of ammoniume0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of ammonium into the tissues of treated plants was accompanied by a loss of total protein and the accumulation of amino acids.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Total protein decreased in treated plants.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- total proteine0
- Direction
- losse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a loss of total protein”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Amino acids accumulated in treated plants.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- amino acidse0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the accumulation of amino acids”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Gln was the major amino acid in xylem sap of treated and control plants.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- xylem sape0
- Outcome
- Gln represented the major amino acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gln represented the major amino acid transported through xylem sap of Cd-treated and control plants.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium increased total amino acid content in phloem.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cadmium treatmente0
- Outcome
- total amino acid content in the phloeme0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium treatment increased the total amino acid content in the phloem, maintaining Gln/Glu ratios.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium maintained phloem Gln/Glu ratios.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cadmium treatmente0
- Outcome
- Gln/Glu ratiose0
- Direction
- maintaininge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cadmium treatment increased the total amino acid content in the phloem, maintaining Gln/Glu ratios.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium decreased chloroplastic GS protein and mRNA.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cd-treatede0
- Outcome
- chloroplastic GS protein and mRNAe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd-treated plants showed a decrease in chloroplastic GS protein and mRNA”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium increased cytosolic GS and glutamate dehydrogenase transcripts and proteins.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- cytosolic GS and glutamate dehydrogenase transcripts and proteinse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in cytosolic GS and glutamate dehydrogenase transcripts and proteins.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Asparagine synthetase mRNA increased in roots.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- asparagine synthetase mRNAe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase in asparagine synthetase mRNA was observed in roots”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
Asparagine increased strongly in roots.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- asparaginee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a strong increase in asparagine.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Cd responses involve induced enzymes coordinating leaf nitrogen remobilization and root storage.
- Taxon
- Lycopersicon esculentumSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogen remobilization and root nitrogen storagee0
- Qualifier
- newly induced enzymese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant response to Cd stress involved newly induced enzymes dedicated to coordinated leaf nitrogen remobilization and root nitrogen storage.”
t0“Lycopersicon esculentum”
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.