Abstract
Single plant cells have been obtained without the preparation of protoplasts by culturing pieces of soybean callus tissue with colchicine. Cell expansion and separation were evoked by colchicine (1 mM) within a week of culture. Microscopic observation showed that cells took on a spherical shape in the presence of colchicine and then separated into single cells. Addition of colchicine to the culture medium did not affect the composition of cell wall polysaccharides, but a uronic acid-rich extracellular polysaccharide appeared during cell expansion and separation. Addition of microtubule stabilizers, glycerol (300 mM) or dimethyl sulfoxide [3% (vol/vol)], inhibited the secretion of the polysaccharide as well as cell expansion and separation. The extracellular polysaccharide elicited by colchicine was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose and gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B from the conditioned medium of colchicine-treated soybean cells. The purified 18-kDa polysaccharide immediately enhanced cell expansion and separation when added to soybean callus tissue cultured in medium containing colchicine, even at low concentrations (0.1 mM). The polysaccharide was composed of galacturonic acid and, after digestion with a pectinase preparation, had no effect on the cells. Methylation analysis suggests that the polysaccharide consists of approximately 100 sequential alpha-1,4-galacturonic acids. The galacturonan increased the viability of separated cells cultured in medium containing colchicine, and the single cells obtained did not produce a wound-response callose. (Aminoethoxyvinyl)glycine, a specific inhibitor of ethylene production, extensively decreased the cell expansion and separation but did not inhibit the formation of the extracellular polysaccharide, suggesting that the polysaccharide may exert its effect by stimulating ethylene production.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine evoked cell expansion and separation within a week.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- colchicine (1 mM)e0
- Outcome
- Cell expansion and separatione0
- Direction
- evokede0
- Qualifier
- within a week of culturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cell expansion and separation were evoked by colchicine (1 mM) within a week of culture”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cells became spherical with colchicine and then separated.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- colchicinee0
- Outcome
- spherical shapee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cells took on a spherical shape in the presence of colchicine and then separated into single cells”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine did not change cell wall polysaccharide composition.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- colchicinee0
- Outcome
- composition of cell wall polysaccharidese0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of colchicine to the culture medium did not affect the composition of cell wall polysaccharides”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
A uronic acid-rich extracellular polysaccharide appeared during expansion and separation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- uronic acid-rich extracellular polysaccharide appearede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a uronic acid-rich extracellular polysaccharide appeared during cell expansion and separation”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycerol inhibited polysaccharide secretion, expansion and separation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glycerol (300 mM)e0
- Outcome
- secretion of the polysaccharide as well as cell expansion and separatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glycerol (300 mM) or dimethyl sulfoxide [3% (vol/vol)], inhibited the secretion of the polysaccharide as well as cell expansion and separation”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethyl sulfoxide inhibited polysaccharide secretion, expansion and separation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- dimethyl sulfoxide [3% (vol/vol)]e0
- Outcome
- secretion of the polysaccharide as well as cell expansion and separatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dimethyl sulfoxide [3% (vol/vol)], inhibited the secretion of the polysaccharide as well as cell expansion and separation”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Purified extracellular polysaccharide enhanced expansion and separation in colchicine culture.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- purified 18-kDa polysaccharidee0
- Outcome
- cell expansion and separatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- medium containing colchicinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The purified 18-kDa polysaccharide immediately enhanced cell expansion and separation when added to soybean callus tissue cultured in medium containing colchicine, even at low concentrations (0.1 mM)”
Claim · model-written summary
The polysaccharide consisted of galacturonic acid and approximately 100 sequential alpha-1,4-galacturonic acids.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- galacturonic acide0
- Value
- approximately 100 sequential alpha-1,4-galacturonic acidse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The polysaccharide was composed of galacturonic acid”
e1“Methylation analysis suggests that the polysaccharide consists of approximately 100 sequential alpha-1,4-galacturonic acids”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
After pectinase digestion the polysaccharide had no effect on cells.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- digestion with a pectinase preparatione0
- Outcome
- effect on the cellse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after digestion with a pectinase preparation, had no effect on the cells”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Galacturonan increased viability of separated cells in colchicine medium.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- galacturonane0
- Outcome
- viability of separated cellse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The galacturonan increased the viability of separated cells cultured in medium containing colchicine”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Separated single cells did not produce wound-response callose.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- did not produce a wound-response callosee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the single cells obtained did not produce a wound-response callose”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
(Aminoethoxyvinyl)glycine decreased cell expansion and separation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- (Aminoethoxyvinyl)glycinee0
- Outcome
- cell expansion and separatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(Aminoethoxyvinyl)glycine, a specific inhibitor of ethylene production, extensively decreased the cell expansion and separation”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
(Aminoethoxyvinyl)glycine did not inhibit extracellular polysaccharide formation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- (Aminoethoxyvinyl)glycinee0
- Outcome
- formation of the extracellular polysaccharidee0
- Direction
- did not inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(Aminoethoxyvinyl)glycine, a specific inhibitor of ethylene production, extensively decreased the cell expansion and separation but did not inhibit the formation of the extracellular polysaccharide”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The polysaccharide may promote expansion and separation by stimulating ethylene production.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Qualifier
- stimulating ethylene productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the polysaccharide may exert its effect by stimulating ethylene production”
t0“soybean”
The same questions in other papers
dimethyl sulfoxide · molecular: metabolites · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
glycine · molecular: metabolites · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.