Abstract
Asbtract Foliar fertilization offers a possible means of increasing soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields, but little is known of the utilization efficiency of foliar‐applied nutrients. Field experiments were conducted in 1976 and 1977 to determine percentage recovery of foliar applied 15 N‐labeled urea by soybeans and translocation of 15 N within the plant. Foliar treatments containing N, P, K, S or P, K, S were applied four times during growth stages R‐5 to R‐7. Urea, potassium polyphosphate and potassium sulfate were used to supply 84 + 9 + 28 + 5 kg/ha of N + P + K + S, respectively. The P, K, S treatment was similar except that urea was excluded. In 1976, the two foliar treatments tested on the cultivar ‘Williams’ did not result in a significant increase in seed yieId over the control value of 3,294 kg/ha. In 1977, using the cultivar ‘Kent,’ the N, P, K, S treatment resulted in a significant yield increase of 1,045 kg/ha over the control value of 3,203 kg/ha. Results from the P, K, S treatment, although consistently higher than control values, were not significantly different at the 5% level in either year. Of the total 15 N applied, 44 and 67% were recovered in the plants in 1976 and 1977, respectively. Approximately 94% of the recovered 15 N ultimately was found in the seed. A maximum of 0.7 kg/ ha of the fertilizer N was translocated to the roots. In a separate experiment, ( 15 NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 was sidedressed at the rate of 112 kg N/ha at weekly intervals to different experimental units during late R‐4 to R‐7 stages. The uptake of 15 N decreased from 39 kg/ha with the first application to 19 kg/ha with the last application, but the rate of 15 N uptake did not change appreciably with time. Total N in the plants was not influenced by the ( 15 NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 applications. The data indicated that changes in the rate of nutrient absorption by roots during pod‐fill were minimal and unlikely to be a major factor in determining the effectiveness of foliar fertilization.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
In 1976, neither foliar treatment significantly increased Williams seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Material
- Williamse0
- Treatment
- two foliar treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seed yieIde0
- Direction
- did not result in a significant increasee0
- Qualifier
- 3,294 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1976, the two foliar treatments tested on the cultivar ‘Williams’ did not result in a significant increase in seed yieId over the control value of 3,294 kg/ha”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1977, N, P, K, S foliar treatment significantly increased Kent seed yield by 1,045 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Material
- Kente0
- Treatment
- N, P, K, S treatmente0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1,045 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- 3,203 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 1977, using the cultivar ‘Kent,’ the N, P, K, S treatment resulted in a significant yield increase of 1,045 kg/ha over the control value of 3,203 kg/ha”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
P, K, S treatment had consistently higher but non-significant results than controls in both years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- P, K, S treatmente0
- Outcome
- Resultse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in either yeare0
- Comparator
- control valuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results from the P, K, S treatment, although consistently higher than control values, were not significantly different at the 5% level in either year”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants recovered 44% of applied foliar nitrogen in 1976.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- total 15 N appliede0
- Value
- 44e0
- Setting
- 1976e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the total 15 N applied, 44 and 67% were recovered in the plants in 1976 and 1977, respectively”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants recovered 67% of applied foliar nitrogen in 1977.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- total 15 N appliede0
- Value
- 67%e0
- Setting
- 1977e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of the total 15 N applied, 44 and 67% were recovered in the plants in 1976 and 1977, respectively”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
About 94% of recovered nitrogen was ultimately found in seed.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Outcome
- recovered 15 Ne0
- Value
- 94%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Approximately 94% of the recovered 15 N ultimately was found in the seed”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
At most 0.7 kg/ ha fertilizer nitrogen was transported to roots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- fertilizer N was translocated to the rootse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 0.7 kg/ hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A maximum of 0.7 kg/ ha of the fertilizer N was translocated to the roots”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sidedress nitrogen uptake decreased from 39 kg/ha at first application to 19 kg/ha at last application.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- uptake of 15 Ne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 39 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- 19 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The uptake of 15 N decreased from 39 kg/ha with the first application to 19 kg/ha with the last application”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen uptake rate did not change appreciably over application time.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- rate of 15 N uptakee0
- Direction
- did not change appreciablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the rate of 15 N uptake did not change appreciably with time”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-applied ammonium sulfate did not influence total plant nitrogen.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- ( 15 NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 applicationse0
- Outcome
- Total N in the plantse0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total N in the plants was not influenced by the ( 15 NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 applications”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged root nutrient absorption changes during pod fill minimal and unlikely to determine foliar fertilization effectiveness.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- effectiveness of foliar fertilizatione0
- Qualifier
- changes in the rate of nutrient absorption by roots during pod‐fill were minimale0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“changes in the rate of nutrient absorption by roots during pod‐fill were minimal and unlikely to be a major factor in determining the effectiveness of foliar fertilization”
e1“soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields”
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