Abstract
We examined the effects of foliar application of various nitrogen (urea) concentrations on gas-exchange and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence characteristics in bean plants treated by heat stress (42/30°C, day/night temperatures). Heat stress caused reductions in contents of Chl a, Chl b, and in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII by 13, 20, and 27%, respectively, regardless of the N treatment. However, N fertilization caused significant increases in these parameters, especially at higher N concentrations. The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were enhanced by 32, 60, and 69% and by 25, 88, and 100% due to addition of 5, 10, and 15 mM N, respectively. However, gas-exchange parameters were reduced by 24% due to heat stress. N fertilization alleviated adverse effects of heat stress.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced chlorophyll a content by 13%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress caused reductions in contents of Chl a, Chl b, and in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII by 13, 20, and 27%, respectively, regardless of the N treatment.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced chlorophyll b content by 20%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress caused reductions in contents of Chl a, Chl b, and in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII by 13, 20, and 27%, respectively, regardless of the N treatment.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced maximum PSII photochemical efficiency by 27%.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- Heat stresse0
- Outcome
- maximum photochemical efficiency of PSIIe0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 27%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress caused reductions in contents of Chl a, Chl b, and in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII by 13, 20, and 27%, respectively, regardless of the N treatment.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased chlorophyll a and b contents and PSII efficiency, especially at higher concentrations.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- contents of Chl a, Chl b, and in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSIIe1
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- especially at higher N concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“N fertilization caused significant increases in these parameters, especially at higher N concentrations.”
e1“contents of Chl a, Chl b, and in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mM N, net photosynthetic rate increased by 32%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were enhanced by 32, 60, and 69% and by 25, 88, and 100% due to addition of 5, 10, and 15 mM N, respectively.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 10 mM N, net photosynthetic rate increased by 60%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were enhanced by 32, 60, and 69% and by 25, 88, and 100% due to addition of 5, 10, and 15 mM N, respectively.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 15 mM N, net photosynthetic rate increased by 69%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were enhanced by 32, 60, and 69% and by 25, 88, and 100% due to addition of 5, 10, and 15 mM N, respectively.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mM N, stomatal conductance increased by 25%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were enhanced by 32, 60, and 69% and by 25, 88, and 100% due to addition of 5, 10, and 15 mM N, respectively.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 10 mM N, stomatal conductance increased by 88%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were enhanced by 32, 60, and 69% and by 25, 88, and 100% due to addition of 5, 10, and 15 mM N, respectively.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 15 mM N, stomatal conductance increased by 100%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were enhanced by 32, 60, and 69% and by 25, 88, and 100% due to addition of 5, 10, and 15 mM N, respectively.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced gas exchange parameters by 24%.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- gas-exchange parameterse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 24%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“gas-exchange parameters were reduced by 24% due to heat stress.”
t0“bean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization alleviated adverse heat-stress effects.
- Taxon
- bean plantst0
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- adverse effects of heat stresse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“N fertilization alleviated adverse effects of heat stress.”
t0“bean plants”
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