Abstract
Abstract Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) followed by wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a dominant cropping sequence under a range of management regimes in South Asia, with variable productivity. Simulation models can be used to extrapolate experimental results to other sites of interest in variable environments. Experiments were conducted to quantify the responses of two rice cultivars to three N regimes and two soil moisture regimes, followed by the responses of the succeeding two wheat cultivars to three N regimes, two soil moisture regimes, and two dates of planting, on a Haplaquept noncalcareous brown floodplain soil at the Wheat Research Center, Nashipur, Bangladesh. CERES‐Rice and CERES‐Wheat models were validated using the experimental data set, and then were used to estimate the grain yields at two other sites in Bangladesh. In rainfed plots, grain yields of ‘BR14’ rice were reduced by 48.8, 43.4, and 39.3% relative to irrigated plots, and those of ‘BR11’ were reduced by 49.1, 43.8, and 42.2% ( P < 0.05), for 0, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 , respectively. The optimum N rate was between 90 and 135 kg ha −1 . In the succeeding wheat crop, at 0 N, there were no significant differences between the two moisture regimes but, at high N (180 kg ha −1 ), irrigation promoted greater yield. Relative to the high‐N treatment, grain yields of irrigated ‘Kanchan’ wheat at 0 N were reduced by 73.0 and 71.6%, and of ‘Sowgat’ by 75.2 and 73.5%, for early and late plantings, respectively. Simulation investigated year‐to‐year variation in grain yields of both crops under their several N regimes. Rice yields tended to increase over years, but wheat yields had no definite trend. The simulation results indicated that, without N fertilizer application, N will be limiting across sites and long‐term weather conditions for both rainfed and irrigated crops. Field experimentation quantified actual crop responses to a range of management practices and allowed validating the models for the rice‐wheat sequence. The models were then used to extrapolate and generalize the results for two other sites in Bangladesh.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed BR14 rice yield fell by 48.8% against irrigated plots at 0 N.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- ‘BR14’e0
- Treatment
- rainfed plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 48.8e0
- Qualifier
- 0e0
- Comparator
- irrigated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rainfed plots, grain yields of ‘BR14’ rice were reduced by 48.8, 43.4, and 39.3% relative to irrigated plots, and those of ‘BR11’ were reduced by 49.1, 43.8, and 42.2% ( P < 0.05), for 0, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed BR14 rice yield fell by 43.4% against irrigated plots at 90 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- ‘BR14’e0
- Treatment
- rainfed plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 43.4e0
- Qualifier
- 90e0
- Comparator
- irrigated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rainfed plots, grain yields of ‘BR14’ rice were reduced by 48.8, 43.4, and 39.3% relative to irrigated plots, and those of ‘BR11’ were reduced by 49.1, 43.8, and 42.2% ( P < 0.05), for 0, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed BR14 rice yield fell by 39.3% against irrigated plots at 135 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- ‘BR14’e0
- Treatment
- rainfed plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 39.3%e0
- Qualifier
- 135 kg N ha −1e0
- Comparator
- irrigated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rainfed plots, grain yields of ‘BR14’ rice were reduced by 48.8, 43.4, and 39.3% relative to irrigated plots, and those of ‘BR11’ were reduced by 49.1, 43.8, and 42.2% ( P < 0.05), for 0, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed BR11 rice yield fell by 49.1% against irrigated plots at 0 N.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- ‘BR11’e0
- Treatment
- rainfed plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 49.1e0
- Comparator
- irrigated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rainfed plots, grain yields of ‘BR14’ rice were reduced by 48.8, 43.4, and 39.3% relative to irrigated plots, and those of ‘BR11’ were reduced by 49.1, 43.8, and 42.2% ( P < 0.05), for 0, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed BR11 rice yield fell by 43.8% against irrigated plots at 90 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- ‘BR11’e0
- Treatment
- rainfed plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 43.8e0
- Comparator
- irrigated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rainfed plots, grain yields of ‘BR14’ rice were reduced by 48.8, 43.4, and 39.3% relative to irrigated plots, and those of ‘BR11’ were reduced by 49.1, 43.8, and 42.2% ( P < 0.05), for 0, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed BR11 rice yield fell by 42.2% against irrigated plots at 135 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- ‘BR11’e0
- Treatment
- rainfed plotse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 42.2%e0
- Comparator
- irrigated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rainfed plots, grain yields of ‘BR14’ rice were reduced by 48.8, 43.4, and 39.3% relative to irrigated plots, and those of ‘BR11’ were reduced by 49.1, 43.8, and 42.2% ( P < 0.05), for 0, 90, and 135 kg N ha −1 , respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimum rice N rate was between 90 and 135 kg ha −1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- optimum N ratee0
- Value
- between 90 and 135 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum N rate was between 90 and 135 kg ha −1 .”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0 N, wheat yield did not differ significantly between moisture regimes.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- two moisture regimese0
- Outcome
- no significant differencese0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Qualifier
- 0 Ne0
- Comparator
- two moisture regimese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the succeeding wheat crop, at 0 N, there were no significant differences between the two moisture regimes but, at high N (180 kg ha −1 ), irrigation promoted greater yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 180 kg N ha −1, irrigation increased wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- 180 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- two moisture regimese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the succeeding wheat crop, at 0 N, there were no significant differences between the two moisture regimes but, at high N (180 kg ha −1 ), irrigation promoted greater yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0 N, irrigated Kanchan wheat yield was reduced 73.0% at early planting against high N.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- ‘Kanchan’e0
- Treatment
- 0 Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 73.0e0
- Qualifier
- earlye0
- Comparator
- high‐N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to the high‐N treatment, grain yields of irrigated ‘Kanchan’ wheat at 0 N were reduced by 73.0 and 71.6%, and of ‘Sowgat’ by 75.2 and 73.5%, for early and late plantings, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0 N, irrigated Kanchan wheat yield was reduced 71.6% at late planting against high N.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- ‘Kanchan’e0
- Treatment
- 0 Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 71.6%e0
- Qualifier
- latee0
- Comparator
- high‐N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to the high‐N treatment, grain yields of irrigated ‘Kanchan’ wheat at 0 N were reduced by 73.0 and 71.6%, and of ‘Sowgat’ by 75.2 and 73.5%, for early and late plantings, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0 N, irrigated Sowgat wheat yield was reduced 75.2% at early planting against high N.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- ‘Sowgat’e0
- Treatment
- 0 Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 75.2e0
- Qualifier
- earlye0
- Comparator
- high‐N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to the high‐N treatment, grain yields of irrigated ‘Kanchan’ wheat at 0 N were reduced by 73.0 and 71.6%, and of ‘Sowgat’ by 75.2 and 73.5%, for early and late plantings, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 0 N, irrigated Sowgat wheat yield was reduced 73.5% at late planting against high N.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- ‘Sowgat’e0
- Treatment
- 0 Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 73.5%e0
- Qualifier
- latee0
- Comparator
- high‐N treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to the high‐N treatment, grain yields of irrigated ‘Kanchan’ wheat at 0 N were reduced by 73.0 and 71.6%, and of ‘Sowgat’ by 75.2 and 73.5%, for early and late plantings, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated rice yield tended to increase over years.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice yields tended to increase over years, but wheat yields had no definite trend.”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated wheat yield had no definite trend over years.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- no definite trende0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice yields tended to increase over years, but wheat yields had no definite trend.”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulations indicated nitrogen limitation without fertilizer across sites and weather conditions for rice and wheat.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- without N fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- N will be limitinge0
- Setting
- across sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“without N fertilizer application, N will be limiting across sites and long‐term weather conditions for both rainfed and irrigated crops.”
t0“Rice‐Wheat Sequence”
The same questions in other papers
rainfall · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 29 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
47 papers more in this group
See all 51 papers →irrigation · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
797 papers in the same direction as this paper · 184 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
985 papers more in this group
See all 989 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.